falsus

Esperanto

Verb

falsus

conditional of falsi

Latin

Etymology

Perfect passive participle from fallō (“deceive, trick; mistake”).

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈfal.sus/, [ˈfäɫ̪s̠ʊs̠]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfal.sus/, [ˈfälsus]

Participle

falsus (feminine falsa, neuter falsum, superlative falsissimus); first/second-declension participle

deceived, tricked, cheated, disappointed, having been deceived
mistaken, having been mistaken, having deceived myself
appeased, beguiled, having been appeased
sworn falsely, perjured, having been sworn falsely
(by extension) false, untrue

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Number	Singular			Plural
Nominative	falsus	falsa	falsum	falsī	falsae	falsa
Genitive	falsī	falsae	falsī	falsōrum	falsārum	falsōrum
Dative	falsō	falsae	falsō	falsīs
Accusative	falsum	falsam	falsum	falsōs	falsās	falsa
Ablative	falsō	falsā	falsō	falsīs
Vocative	false	falsa	falsum	falsī	falsae	falsa

Descendants

Corsican: falzu
Dalmatian: fuals
Franco-Provençal: fôx
Italian: falso
Old French: fals, falt, fro, faus, faux
- Middle French: faulx
  - French: faux
    - → English: faux
- Norman: faux
- Picard: foe
- → Middle English: fals, false (partly)
  - English: false
  - Scots: fause
  - Yola: fause, faulss, valse
  - → Irish: falsa, falsach
- → Middle High German: vals
  - Cimbrian: valtz, baltz
- → Middle Dutch: valsch
  - Dutch: vals
  - Limburgish: valsj
  - → Middle High German: valsch
    - German: falsch
      - → Czech: faleš
      - → Polish: fałsz
      - → Romanian: falș
      - → Russian: фальшь (falʹšʹ)
    - Bavarian: foisch
    - Luxembourgish: faslch
    - Yiddish: פֿאַלש‎ (falsh)
    - → Polish: fałsz
Old Leonese:
- Asturian: falsu
Old Occitan:
- Catalan: fals
- Occitan: fals
Old Portuguese: falso
- Galician: falso
- Portuguese: falso
  - Malay: palsu
Franco-Provençal: fôx
Old Spanish: falso
- Spanish: falso
Rhaeto-Romance:
- Friulian: fals
Sardinian: fàlsu, farsu
Sicilian: fausu, farsu
→ Albanian: fallco
→ Icelandic: fals
→ Middle Dutch: valsch
- Dutch: vals
- Limburgish: valsj
- → Middle High German: valsch
  - German: falsch
    - → Czech: faleš
    - → Polish: fałsz
    - → Romanian: falș
    - → Russian: фальшь (falʹšʹ)
  - Bavarian: foisch
  - Luxembourgish: faslch
  - Yiddish: פֿאַלש‎ (falsh)
  - → Polish: fałsz
→ Middle Low German: valsch, vals
- → Danish: falsk
- → Faroese: falskur
- → Icelandic: falskur
- → Norwegian: falsk
- → Saterland Frisian: falsk
- → Swedish: falsk
→ Norwegian: falsk
→ Old English: fals
- Middle English: fals, false (conflated with Old French fals)
  - English: false
  - Scots: fause
  - Yola: fause, faulss, valse
  - → Irish: falsa, falsach
→ Romanian: fals

Noun

falsus m (genitive falsī); second declension

liar, deceiver

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	falsus	falsī
Genitive	falsī	falsōrum
Dative	falsō	falsīs
Accusative	falsum	falsōs
Ablative	falsō	falsīs
Vocative	false	falsī

Related terms

falla
fallācia
fallāciloquus
fallāciōsus
fallācitās
fallāciter
fallāx
fallēns
fallō
falsārius
falsātiō
falsātus
falsē
falsidicentia
falsidicus
falsificātus
falsificus
falsiiūrius
falsiloquium
falsiloquus
falsimōnia
falsiparēns
falsitās
falsō
falsum

References

“falsus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“falsus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
falsus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
falsus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be imbibing false opinions: opinionibus falsis imbui
- to distinguish true and false: vera et falsa (a falsis) diiudicare
- to confuse true with false: vera cum falsis confundere
- to start from false premises: a falsis principiis proficisci
- to rouse a vain, groundless hope in some one's mind: spem falsam alicui ostendere
- to accuse a person of forging the archives: accusare aliquem falsarum tabularum