exuo
Latin
Etymology
From ex- + *uo, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ew-. Cognates include Old Armenian ագանիմ (aganim), Avestan 𐬀𐬊𐬚𐬭𐬀 (aoθra, “shoe”), Proto-Slavic *jьzuti (“to take off (footwear)”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈek.su.oː/, [ˈɛks̠uoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈek.su.o/, [ˈɛksuo]
Verb
exuō (present infinitive exuere, perfect active exuī, supine exūtum); third conjugation
- I extract, take out.
- I free.
- I take off (clothes, shoes); doff.
- c. 125 CE – 180 CE, Apuleius, Metamorphoses 1.18:
- manticam meam umerō exuō
- I take off my sack from my shoulder
- manticam meam umerō exuō
- I refuse.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of exuō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | exuō | exuis | exuit | exuimus | exuitis | exuunt |
| imperfect | exuēbam | exuēbās | exuēbat | exuēbāmus | exuēbātis | exuēbant | |
| future | exuam | exuēs | exuet | exuēmus | exuētis | exuent | |
| perfect | exuī | exuistī | exuit | exuimus | exuistis | exuērunt, exuēre | |
| pluperfect | exueram | exuerās | exuerat | exuerāmus | exuerātis | exuerant | |
| future perfect | exuerō | exueris | exuerit | exuerimus | exueritis | exuerint | |
| sigmatic future1 | exussō | exussis | exussit | exussimus | exussitis | exussint | |
| passive | present | exuor | exueris, exuere | exuitur | exuimur | exuiminī | exuuntur |
| imperfect | exuēbar | exuēbāris, exuēbāre | exuēbātur | exuēbāmur | exuēbāminī | exuēbantur | |
| future | exuar | exuēris, exuēre | exuētur | exuēmur | exuēminī | exuentur | |
| perfect | exūtus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | exūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | exūtus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | exuam | exuās | exuat | exuāmus | exuātis | exuant |
| imperfect | exuerem | exuerēs | exueret | exuerēmus | exuerētis | exuerent | |
| perfect | exuerim | exuerīs | exuerit | exuerīmus | exuerītis | exuerint | |
| pluperfect | exuissem | exuissēs | exuisset | exuissēmus | exuissētis | exuissent | |
| sigmatic aorist1 | exussim | exussīs | exussīt | exussīmus | exussītis | exussint | |
| passive | present | exuar | exuāris, exuāre | exuātur | exuāmur | exuāminī | exuantur |
| imperfect | exuerer | exuerēris, exuerēre | exuerētur | exuerēmur | exuerēminī | exuerentur | |
| perfect | exūtus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | exūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | exue | — | — | exuite | — |
| future | — | exuitō | exuitō | — | exuitōte | exuuntō | |
| passive | present | — | exuere | — | — | exuiminī | — |
| future | — | exuitor | exuitor | — | — | exuuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | exuere | exuisse | exūtūrum esse | exuī | exūtum esse | exūtum īrī | |
| participles | exuēns | — | exūtūrus | — | exūtus | exuendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| exuendī | exuendō | exuendum | exuendō | exūtum | exūtū | ||
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
Derived terms
- exūtiō
- exuviae
Related terms
- induō
References
- “exuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “exuo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- exuo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)
- to undress: vestem ponere (exuere)
- to shake off the yoke of slavery: servitutem exuere (Liv. 34. 7)
- to disarm a person: armis (castris) exuere aliquem
- to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)