extraer
Spanish
Etymology
Semi-learned borrowing from Latin extrahere, present active infinitive of extrahō, with conjugation modeled on traer. Surface analysis ex- + traer.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eɡstɾaˈeɾ/ [eɣ̞s.t̪ɾaˈeɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾ
- Syllabification: ex‧tra‧er
Verb
extraer (first-person singular present extraigo, first-person singular preterite extraje, past participle extraído)
- to extract
- to take out
- Synonym: sacar
Conjugation
Conjugation of extraer (irregular) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | extraer | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | extrayendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | extraído | extraída | |||||
plural | extraídos | extraídas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | extraigo | extraestú extraésvos | extrae | extraemos | extraéis | extraen | |
imperfect | extraía | extraías | extraía | extraíamos | extraíais | extraían | |
preterite | extraje | extrajiste | extrajo | extrajimos | extrajisteis | extrajeron | |
future | extraeré | extraerás | extraerá | extraeremos | extraeréis | extraerán | |
conditional | extraería | extraerías | extraería | extraeríamos | extraeríais | extraerían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | extraiga | extraigastú extraigásvos2 | extraiga | extraigamos | extraigáis | extraigan | |
imperfect (ra) | extrajera | extrajeras | extrajera | extrajéramos | extrajerais | extrajeran | |
imperfect (se) | extrajese | extrajeses | extrajese | extrajésemos | extrajeseis | extrajesen | |
future1 | extrajere | extrajeres | extrajere | extrajéremos | extrajereis | extrajeren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | extraetú extraévos | extraiga | extraigamos | extraed | extraigan | ||
negative | no extraigas | no extraiga | no extraigamos | no extraigáis | no extraigan |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of extraer (irregular)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive extraer | |||||||
dative | extraerme | extraerte | extraerle, extraerse | extraernos | extraeros | extraerles, extraerse | |
accusative | extraerme | extraerte | extraerlo, extraerla, extraerse | extraernos | extraeros | extraerlos, extraerlas, extraerse | |
with gerund extrayendo | |||||||
dative | extrayéndome | extrayéndote | extrayéndole, extrayéndose | extrayéndonos | extrayéndoos | extrayéndoles, extrayéndose | |
accusative | extrayéndome | extrayéndote | extrayéndolo, extrayéndola, extrayéndose | extrayéndonos | extrayéndoos | extrayéndolos, extrayéndolas, extrayéndose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative extrae | |||||||
dative | extráeme | extráete | extráele | extráenos | not used | extráeles | |
accusative | extráeme | extráete | extráelo, extráela | extráenos | not used | extráelos, extráelas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative extraé | |||||||
dative | extraeme | extraete | extraele | extraenos | not used | extraeles | |
accusative | extraeme | extraete | extraelo, extraela | extraenos | not used | extraelos, extraelas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative extraiga | |||||||
dative | extráigame | not used | extráigale, extráigase | extráiganos | not used | extráigales | |
accusative | extráigame | not used | extráigalo, extráigala, extráigase | extráiganos | not used | extráigalos, extráigalas | |
with first-person plural imperative extraigamos | |||||||
dative | not used | extraigámoste | extraigámosle | extraigámonos | extraigámoos | extraigámosles | |
accusative | not used | extraigámoste | extraigámoslo, extraigámosla | extraigámonos | extraigámoos | extraigámoslos, extraigámoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative extraed | |||||||
dative | extraedme | not used | extraedle | extraednos | extraeos | extraedles | |
accusative | extraedme | not used | extraedlo, extraedla | extraednos | extraeos | extraedlos, extraedlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative extraigan | |||||||
dative | extráiganme | not used | extráiganle | extráigannos | not used | extráiganles, extráiganse | |
accusative | extráiganme | not used | extráiganlo, extráiganla | extráigannos | not used | extráiganlos, extráiganlas, extráiganse |
Related terms
- extracción
- extracto
Further reading
- “extraer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014