extenuar
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin extenuāre.
Verb
extenuar (first-person singular present extenuo, first-person singular preterite extenuei, past participle extenuado)
- to tire, to exhaust
- to spend (money), to become less rich
- to extenuate: to lessen, to weaken, to attenuate
Conjugation
Conjugation of extenuar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
Infinitive | ||||||
Impersonal | extenuar | |||||
Personal | extenuar | extenuares | extenuar | extenuarmos | extenuardes | extenuarem |
Gerund | ||||||
extenuando | ||||||
Past participle | ||||||
Masculine | extenuado | extenuados | ||||
Feminine | extenuada | extenuadas | ||||
Indicative | ||||||
Present | extenuo | extenuas | extenua | extenuamos | extenuais | extenuam |
Imperfect | extenuava | extenuavas | extenuava | extenuávamos | extenuáveis | extenuavam |
Preterite | extenuei | extenuaste | extenuou | extenuamos1, extenuámos2 | extenuastes | extenuaram |
Pluperfect | extenuara | extenuaras | extenuara | extenuáramos | extenuáreis | extenuaram |
Future | extenuarei | extenuarás | extenuará | extenuaremos | extenuareis | extenuarão |
Conditional | ||||||
extenuaria | extenuarias | extenuaria | extenuaríamos | extenuaríeis | extenuariam | |
Subjunctive | ||||||
Present | extenue | extenues | extenue | extenuemos | extenueis | extenuem |
Imperfect | extenuasse | extenuasses | extenuasse | extenuássemos | extenuásseis | extenuassem |
Future | extenuar | extenuares | extenuar | extenuarmos | extenuardes | extenuarem |
Imperative | ||||||
Affirmative | extenua | extenue | extenuemos | extenuai | extenuem | |
Negative (não) | não extenues | não extenue | não extenuemos | não extenueis | não extenuem |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin extenuāre, present active infinitive of extenuō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eɡsteˈnwaɾ/ [eɣ̞s.t̪eˈnwaɾ]
Audio (Colombia) (file) - Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ex‧te‧nuar
Verb
extenuar (first-person singular present extenúo, first-person singular preterite extenué, past participle extenuado)
- (transitive) to extenuate
- (transitive) to weaken
Conjugation
Conjugation of extenuar (u-ú alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | extenuar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | extenuando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | extenuado | extenuada | |||||
plural | extenuados | extenuadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | extenúo | extenúastú extenuásvos | extenúa | extenuamos | extenuáis | extenúan | |
imperfect | extenuaba | extenuabas | extenuaba | extenuábamos | extenuabais | extenuaban | |
preterite | extenué | extenuaste | extenuó | extenuamos | extenuasteis | extenuaron | |
future | extenuaré | extenuarás | extenuará | extenuaremos | extenuaréis | extenuarán | |
conditional | extenuaría | extenuarías | extenuaría | extenuaríamos | extenuaríais | extenuarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | extenúe | extenúestú extenuésvos2 | extenúe | extenuemos | extenuéis | extenúen | |
imperfect (ra) | extenuara | extenuaras | extenuara | extenuáramos | extenuarais | extenuaran | |
imperfect (se) | extenuase | extenuases | extenuase | extenuásemos | extenuaseis | extenuasen | |
future1 | extenuare | extenuares | extenuare | extenuáremos | extenuareis | extenuaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | extenúatú extenuávos | extenúe | extenuemos | extenuad | extenúen | ||
negative | no extenúes | no extenúe | no extenuemos | no extenuéis | no extenúen |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of extenuar (u-ú alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive extenuar | |||||||
dative | extenuarme | extenuarte | extenuarle, extenuarse | extenuarnos | extenuaros | extenuarles, extenuarse | |
accusative | extenuarme | extenuarte | extenuarlo, extenuarla, extenuarse | extenuarnos | extenuaros | extenuarlos, extenuarlas, extenuarse | |
with gerund extenuando | |||||||
dative | extenuándome | extenuándote | extenuándole, extenuándose | extenuándonos | extenuándoos | extenuándoles, extenuándose | |
accusative | extenuándome | extenuándote | extenuándolo, extenuándola, extenuándose | extenuándonos | extenuándoos | extenuándolos, extenuándolas, extenuándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative extenúa | |||||||
dative | extenúame | extenúate | extenúale | extenúanos | not used | extenúales | |
accusative | extenúame | extenúate | extenúalo, extenúala | extenúanos | not used | extenúalos, extenúalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative extenuá | |||||||
dative | extenuame | extenuate | extenuale | extenuanos | not used | extenuales | |
accusative | extenuame | extenuate | extenualo, extenuala | extenuanos | not used | extenualos, extenualas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative extenúe | |||||||
dative | extenúeme | not used | extenúele, extenúese | extenúenos | not used | extenúeles | |
accusative | extenúeme | not used | extenúelo, extenúela, extenúese | extenúenos | not used | extenúelos, extenúelas | |
with first-person plural imperative extenuemos | |||||||
dative | not used | extenuémoste | extenuémosle | extenuémonos | extenuémoos | extenuémosles | |
accusative | not used | extenuémoste | extenuémoslo, extenuémosla | extenuémonos | extenuémoos | extenuémoslos, extenuémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative extenuad | |||||||
dative | extenuadme | not used | extenuadle | extenuadnos | extenuaos | extenuadles | |
accusative | extenuadme | not used | extenuadlo, extenuadla | extenuadnos | extenuaos | extenuadlos, extenuadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative extenúen | |||||||
dative | extenúenme | not used | extenúenle | extenúennos | not used | extenúenles, extenúense | |
accusative | extenúenme | not used | extenúenlo, extenúenla | extenúennos | not used | extenúenlos, extenúenlas, extenúense |
Further reading
- “extenuar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014