expugno
See also: expugnó
Latin
Etymology
From ex- + pugnō (“fight”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ekˈspuɡ.noː/, [ɛkˈs̠pʊŋnoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ekˈspuɲ.ɲo/, [ekˈspuɲːo]
Verb
expugnō (present infinitive expugnāre, perfect active expugnāvī, supine expugnātum); first conjugation
- (transitive, military) I take by assault, storm, capture, reduce, subdue.
- Synonyms: comprehendō, potior, capiō, occupō, corripiō, prehendō, arripiō
- (transitive, figuratively) I subdue, overcome, conquer, reduce.
- Synonyms: ēvincō, subigō, subiciō, vincō, conquestō, superō, dēvincō, domō, prōflīgō, obruō, exsuperō, pellō, opprimō, premō
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 26.1:
- Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent.
- The military authority of Quintus Fulvius and Appius Claudius, consuls of the previous year, was extended and the armies which they had were decided upon, and it was added as a proviso that they should not withdraw from Capua, which they were besieging, until they conquered it.
- Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent.
- (transitive, figuratively, by extension) I accomplish, achieve (something).
- (transitive) I plunder, pillage, sack (a property, city).
- Synonyms: dīripiō, dēpraedor, praedor, populor, trahō, agō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of expugnō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | expugnō | expugnās | expugnat | expugnāmus | expugnātis | expugnant |
| imperfect | expugnābam | expugnābās | expugnābat | expugnābāmus | expugnābātis | expugnābant | |
| future | expugnābō | expugnābis | expugnābit | expugnābimus | expugnābitis | expugnābunt | |
| perfect | expugnāvī | expugnāvistī | expugnāvit | expugnāvimus | expugnāvistis | expugnāvērunt, expugnāvēre | |
| pluperfect | expugnāveram | expugnāverās | expugnāverat | expugnāverāmus | expugnāverātis | expugnāverant | |
| future perfect | expugnāverō | expugnāveris | expugnāverit | expugnāverimus | expugnāveritis | expugnāverint | |
| passive | present | expugnor | expugnāris, expugnāre | expugnātur | expugnāmur | expugnāminī | expugnantur |
| imperfect | expugnābar | expugnābāris, expugnābāre | expugnābātur | expugnābāmur | expugnābāminī | expugnābantur | |
| future | expugnābor | expugnāberis, expugnābere | expugnābitur | expugnābimur | expugnābiminī | expugnābuntur | |
| perfect | expugnātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | expugnātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | expugnātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | expugnem | expugnēs | expugnet | expugnēmus | expugnētis | expugnent |
| imperfect | expugnārem | expugnārēs | expugnāret | expugnārēmus | expugnārētis | expugnārent | |
| perfect | expugnāverim | expugnāverīs | expugnāverit | expugnāverīmus | expugnāverītis | expugnāverint | |
| pluperfect | expugnāvissem | expugnāvissēs | expugnāvisset | expugnāvissēmus | expugnāvissētis | expugnāvissent | |
| passive | present | expugner | expugnēris, expugnēre | expugnētur | expugnēmur | expugnēminī | expugnentur |
| imperfect | expugnārer | expugnārēris, expugnārēre | expugnārētur | expugnārēmur | expugnārēminī | expugnārentur | |
| perfect | expugnātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | expugnātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | expugnā | — | — | expugnāte | — |
| future | — | expugnātō | expugnātō | — | expugnātōte | expugnantō | |
| passive | present | — | expugnāre | — | — | expugnāminī | — |
| future | — | expugnātor | expugnātor | — | — | expugnantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | expugnāre | expugnāvisse | expugnātūrum esse | expugnārī | expugnātum esse | expugnātum īrī | |
| participles | expugnāns | — | expugnātūrus | — | expugnātus | expugnandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| expugnandī | expugnandō | expugnandum | expugnandō | expugnātum | expugnātū | ||
Derived terms
- expugnābilis
- expugnātiō
- expugnātor
- expugnāx
Descendants
- Catalan: expugnar
- English: expugn
- Italian: espugnare
- Portuguese: expugnar
- Spanish: expugnar
References
- “expugno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “expugno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- expugno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to take, storm a town: oppidum capere, expugnare
- to board and capture a boat: navem expugnare
- to take, storm a town: oppidum capere, expugnare
- expugno in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Portuguese
Verb
expugno
- first-person singular present indicative of expugnar
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eɡsˈpuɡno/ [eɣ̞sˈpuɣ̞.no]
- Rhymes: -uɡno
- Syllabification: ex‧pug‧no
Verb
expugno
- first-person singular present indicative of expugnar