expleo
Latin
Etymology
ex- + pleō
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈek.sple.oː/, [ˈɛks̠pɫ̪eoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈek.sple.o/, [ˈɛkspleo]
Verb
expleō (present infinitive explēre, perfect active explēvī, supine explētum); second conjugation
- (transitive) I fill up, occupy completely.
- Synonyms: impleō, cumulō, compleō, stīpō, imbuō
- Antonyms: exhauriō, dēpleō, dēfundō
- (transitive, figuratively) I appease, satisfy, placate the thirst, satiate the hunger.
- Synonym: pāscor
- (transitive) I supply, repair, compensate, repay.
- Synonym: compōnō
- (transitive) I accomplish, perform, fulfill.
- Synonyms: perficiō, cōnficiō, dēfungor, absolvō, conclūdō, condō, agō, patrō, cumulō, impleō, peragō, exsequor, fungor, efficiō, perpetrō, gerō, nāvō, trānsigō, persolvō, claudō, inclūdō, exhauriō, perferō
- (transitive, of time) I terminate, elapse.
- (transitive, of space) I go all over, I travel up and down.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of expleō (second conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | expleō | explēs | explet | explēmus | explētis | explent |
| imperfect | explēbam | explēbās | explēbat | explēbāmus | explēbātis | explēbant | |
| future | explēbō | explēbis | explēbit | explēbimus | explēbitis | explēbunt | |
| perfect | explēvī | explēvistī, explēstī2 | explēvit, explēt2 | explēvimus, explēmus2 | explēvistis, explēstis2 | explēvērunt, explēvēre, explērunt2 | |
| pluperfect | explēveram, explēram2 | explēverās, explērās2 | explēverat, explērat2 | explēverāmus, explērāmus2 | explēverātis, explērātis2 | explēverant, explērant2 | |
| future perfect | explēverō, explērō2 | explēveris, explēris2 | explēverit, explērit2 | explēverimus, explērimus2 | explēveritis, explēritis2 | explēverint, explērint2 | |
| passive | present | expleor | explēris, explēre | explētur | explēmur | explēminī | explentur |
| imperfect | explēbar | explēbāris, explēbāre | explēbātur | explēbāmur | explēbāminī | explēbantur | |
| future | explēbor | explēberis, explēbere | explēbitur | explēbimur | explēbiminī | explēbuntur | |
| perfect | explētus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | explētus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | explētus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | expleam | expleās | expleat | expleāmus | expleātis | expleant |
| imperfect | explērem | explērēs | explēret | explērēmus | explērētis | explērent | |
| perfect | explēverim, explērim2 | explēverīs, explērīs2 | explēverit, explērit2 | explēverīmus, explērīmus2 | explēverītis, explērītis2 | explēverint, explērint2 | |
| pluperfect | explēvissem, explēssem2 | explēvissēs, explēssēs2 | explēvisset, explēsset2 | explēvissēmus, explēssēmus2 | explēvissētis, explēssētis2 | explēvissent, explēssent2 | |
| passive | present | explear | expleāris, expleāre | expleātur | expleāmur | expleāminī | expleantur |
| imperfect | explērer | explērēris, explērēre | explērētur | explērēmur | explērēminī | explērentur | |
| perfect | explētus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | explētus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | explē | — | — | explēte | — |
| future | — | explētō | explētō | — | explētōte | explentō | |
| passive | present | — | explēre | — | — | explēminī | — |
| future | — | explētor | explētor | — | — | explentor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | explēre | explēvisse, explēsse2 | explētūrum esse | explērī, explērier1 | explētum esse | explētum īrī | |
| participles | explēns | — | explētūrus | — | explētus | explendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| explendī | explendō | explendum | explendō | explētum | explētū | ||
1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
2At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.
Derived terms
- explēmentum
- explētiō
- explētīvus
- explētor
- explētrix
- explētus
- inexplēbilis
Descendants
- French: expléter (borrowed via past participle)
- English: explete (borrowed via past participle)
- Italian: espletare (borrowed via past participle)
- Sicilian: espritari (borrowed via past participle)
References
- expleo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- “explĕo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “expleo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- explĕo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 631
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to allay one's hunger, thirst: famem, sitim explere
- to fulfil expectation: exspectationem explere (De Or. 1. 47. 205)
- to glut one's hatred: odium explere aliqua re (Liv. 4. 32)
- to cool one's anger: animum explere
- to satisfy one's desires: cupiditates explere, satiare
- to fulfil the duties of one's position: munus explere, sustinere
- to allay one's hunger, thirst: famem, sitim explere
- “expleō” on page 650 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “explere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 398/1