expergiscor
Latin
Etymology
Probably a middle (passive in form) from ex + per + regō + -ēscō. Alternative etymology derives the last two syllables from unattested *griscor, based on Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- (“to awaken”), which dissimilated to *giscor after per-.[1] It is not known how the transitive sense for English "wake up" got no direct counterpart, putting expergiscor in a similar situation to Spanish gustar.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ek.sperˈɡiːs.kor/, [ɛks̠pɛrˈɡiːs̠kɔr]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ek.sperˈd͡ʒis.kor/, [eksperˈd͡ʒiskor]
Verb
expergīscor (present infinitive expergīscī, perfect active experrēctus sum); third conjugation, deponent (intransitive)
- (intransitive) I awake, I wake up (bestir oneself)
- Synonym: vigilō
- Antonyms: obdormīscō, dormiō, obdormiō, dormītō, obdormītō, cubō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of expergīscor (third conjugation, deponent) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | expergīscor | expergīsceris, expergīscere | expergīscitur | expergīscimur | expergīsciminī | expergīscuntur |
| imperfect | expergīscēbar | expergīscēbāris, expergīscēbāre | expergīscēbātur | expergīscēbāmur | expergīscēbāminī | expergīscēbantur | |
| future | expergīscar | expergīscēris, expergīscēre | expergīscētur | expergīscēmur | expergīscēminī | expergīscentur | |
| perfect | experrēctus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | experrēctus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | experrēctus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | expergīscar | expergīscāris, expergīscāre | expergīscātur | expergīscāmur | expergīscāminī | expergīscantur |
| imperfect | expergīscerer | expergīscerēris, expergīscerēre | expergīscerētur | expergīscerēmur | expergīscerēminī | expergīscerentur | |
| perfect | experrēctus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | experrēctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | expergīscere | — | — | expergīsciminī | — |
| future | — | expergīscitor | expergīscitor | — | — | expergīscuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | expergīscī | experrēctum esse | experrēctūrum esse | — | — | — | |
| participles | expergīscēns | experrēctus | experrēctūrus | — | — | expergīscendus, expergīscundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| expergīscendī | expergīscendō | expergīscendum | expergīscendō | experrēctum | experrēctū | ||
See also
- expergēfaciō
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁ger-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 240
Further reading
- “expergiscor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “expergiscor”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- expergiscor in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette