excido
Latin
FWOTD – 4 October 2014
Etymology 1
From ex- + cadō (“fall”).
Alternative forms
- excadō (medieval)
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈek.ski.doː/, [ˈɛks̠kɪd̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈek.ʃi.do/, [ˈɛkʃid̪o]
Verb
excidō (present infinitive excidere, perfect active excidī); third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem
- I fall out, from or down, tumble to the ground, collapse, break down, drop
- I fall out or from involuntarily, slip out, escape
- I differ from someone's opinion, disagree with, dissent
- I am lost or forgotten, pass away, perish, disappear
- 1st c. BC, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Epistulae ad Atticum :
- Perterriti voce et vultu confessi sunt [litteras] se accepisse sed excidisse in via.
- With a terrified voice and face they confessed that they did receive the letter but lost them on the road.
- Perterriti voce et vultu confessi sunt [litteras] se accepisse sed excidisse in via.
- I lose myself, fail; faint, swoon
- I slip out, away or escape from memory, i.e. forget
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.25-26:
- necdum etiam causae īrārum saevīque dolōrēs exciderant animō.
- Nor even now had the causes of [Juno’s] anger and bitter sorrows slipped from her mind.
- necdum etiam causae īrārum saevīque dolōrēs exciderant animō.
- (with ablative) I am deprived of, miss, fail to obtain, forfeit, lose
Conjugation
| Conjugation of excidō (third conjugation, no supine stem, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | excidō | excidis | excidit | excidimus | exciditis | excidunt |
| imperfect | excidēbam | excidēbās | excidēbat | excidēbāmus | excidēbātis | excidēbant | |
| future | excidam | excidēs | excidet | excidēmus | excidētis | excident | |
| perfect | excidī | excidistī | excidit | excidimus | excidistis | excidērunt, excidēre | |
| pluperfect | excideram | exciderās | exciderat | exciderāmus | exciderātis | exciderant | |
| future perfect | exciderō | excideris | exciderit | exciderimus | excideritis | exciderint | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | excidam | excidās | excidat | excidāmus | excidātis | excidant |
| imperfect | exciderem | exciderēs | excideret | exciderēmus | exciderētis | exciderent | |
| perfect | exciderim | exciderīs | exciderit | exciderīmus | exciderītis | exciderint | |
| pluperfect | excidissem | excidissēs | excidisset | excidissēmus | excidissētis | excidissent | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | excide | — | — | excidite | — |
| future | — | exciditō | exciditō | — | exciditōte | exciduntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | excidere | excidisse | — | — | — | — | |
| participles | excidēns | — | — | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| excidendī | excidendō | excidendum | excidendō | — | — | ||
Related terms
- accidō
- cadō
- concidō
- dēcidō
- excidium
- incidō
- intercidō
- occidō
- prōcidō
- recidō
- succidō
Etymology 2
From ex- + caedō (“cut; strike”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ekˈskiː.doː/, [ɛkˈs̠kiːd̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ekˈʃi.do/, [ekˈʃiːd̪o]
Verb
excīdō (present infinitive excīdere, perfect active excīdī, supine excīsum); third conjugation
- I cut or hew out, off, or down
- excīdō virīlitātem ― I castrate, geld
- I raze, demolish, lay waste, destroy
- (figuratively) I extirpate, remove, banish
- (in a quarry) I cut out, hollow out, excavate
Conjugation
| Conjugation of excīdō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | excīdō | excīdis | excīdit | excīdimus | excīditis | excīdunt |
| imperfect | excīdēbam | excīdēbās | excīdēbat | excīdēbāmus | excīdēbātis | excīdēbant | |
| future | excīdam | excīdēs | excīdet | excīdēmus | excīdētis | excīdent | |
| perfect | excīdī | excīdistī | excīdit | excīdimus | excīdistis | excīdērunt, excīdēre | |
| pluperfect | excīderam | excīderās | excīderat | excīderāmus | excīderātis | excīderant | |
| future perfect | excīderō | excīderis | excīderit | excīderimus | excīderitis | excīderint | |
| passive | present | excīdor | excīderis, excīdere | excīditur | excīdimur | excīdiminī | excīduntur |
| imperfect | excīdēbar | excīdēbāris, excīdēbāre | excīdēbātur | excīdēbāmur | excīdēbāminī | excīdēbantur | |
| future | excīdar | excīdēris, excīdēre | excīdētur | excīdēmur | excīdēminī | excīdentur | |
| perfect | excīsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | excīsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | excīsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | excīdam | excīdās | excīdat | excīdāmus | excīdātis | excīdant |
| imperfect | excīderem | excīderēs | excīderet | excīderēmus | excīderētis | excīderent | |
| perfect | excīderim | excīderīs | excīderit | excīderīmus | excīderītis | excīderint | |
| pluperfect | excīdissem | excīdissēs | excīdisset | excīdissēmus | excīdissētis | excīdissent | |
| passive | present | excīdar | excīdāris, excīdāre | excīdātur | excīdāmur | excīdāminī | excīdantur |
| imperfect | excīderer | excīderēris, excīderēre | excīderētur | excīderēmur | excīderēminī | excīderentur | |
| perfect | excīsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | excīsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | excīde | — | — | excīdite | — |
| future | — | excīditō | excīditō | — | excīditōte | excīduntō | |
| passive | present | — | excīdere | — | — | excīdiminī | — |
| future | — | excīditor | excīditor | — | — | excīduntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | excīdere | excīdisse | excīsūrum esse | excīdī | excīsum esse | excīsum īrī | |
| participles | excīdēns | — | excīsūrus | — | excīsus | excīdendus, excīdundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| excīdendī | excīdendō | excīdendum | excīdendō | excīsum | excīsū | ||
Derived terms
- excīsātus
- excīsiō
- excīsōrius
- excīsūra
- excīsus
Related terms
- abscīdō
- accīdō
- caedō
- circumcīdō
- concīdō
- dēcīdō
- discīdō
- incīdō
- intercīdō
- occīdō
- percīdō
- praecīdō
- procīdō
- recīdō
- succīdō
- trānscīdō
Descendants
- → English: excide, excise
- → French: exciser
References
- “excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “excido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
- the recollection of a thing has been entirely lost: memoria alicuius rei excidit, abiit, abolevit
- no word escaped him: nullum verbum ex ore eius excidit (or simply ei)
- a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory: aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo
- excido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “excidentia, excidere”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 388/1