et al.

et al.

See also: étal, e tal, et. al, and et al

English

Alternative forms

• & al. (dated)
• et al

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛtˈɔl/, /ɛtˈɑːl/, /eɪˈtɑːl/, /ɛtˈæl/
• Rhymes: -ɔl, -ɑːl, -æl

Etymology 1

From Latin, abbreviation of et aliī (“and others”) (English: et alii) and its forms and derivatives.

Phrase

et al.

1. And others; to complete a list, especially of persons, as authors of a published work.

Usage notes

Formally preferred by some over etc. for lists of people in all contexts, reserving etc. for lists of things (inanimate objects); the distinction is sometimes ignored in casual use, and the two abbreviations are used synonymously in many contexts for completing lists except in very careful or formal use. However, in lists of authors of a published work, et al. is still regularly used.

Related terms

• et alia
• et aliae
• et alii
• et alios
• etc., &c.
• et ux.

Translations

and others

Arabic: وَآخِرُون‎ (wa-ʾāḵirūn) Armenian: եւ այլք (ew aylkʿ) Chinese: Mandarin: 等人 (zh) (děng rén), 等等 (zh) (děngděng), 以及其他 (yǐjí qítā), 以及其他人 (yǐjí qítā rén) (of people) Czech: a kol., a další Danish: og andre, et al. Dutch: en anderen Estonian: jt (et) (ja teised) Finnish: ynnä muut French: et al. (fr), et coll. (fr), & cie German: u. a. (de) (und andere pl, und anderes n (of uncountable objects)) Greek: κ.ά. (el) (k.á.) Hebrew: ואחרים‎ m pl (ve`acherim) Hungarian: és tsai., et al. Ido: ed altri Indonesian: dkk. (dan kawan-kawan) Italian: ed altri m Japanese: ら (ja) (ra), など (ja) (nado) Latin: et al. Latvian: un citi, u. c. Macedonian: и др. (mk) pl (i dr.) Malay: dan lain-lain Norwegian: Bokmål: et al. Persian: و دیگران‎ (va digarān) Polish: i in. (pl), et al Portuguese: et al. (pt), e outros Russian: и др. pl (i dr.), и други́е pl (i drugíje), и друго́е n (i drugóje) (of uncountable objects), и пр. (i pr.), и про́чие pl (i próčije), и про́чее n (i próčeje) (of uncountable objects) Slovak: a ďalší Spanish: y otros m pl, y otras f pl Swedish: med flera pl, et al. (sv), m.fl. (sv) Tagalog: at iba pa Thai: และคณะ, และพวก Turkish: ve diğerleri Ukrainian: та ін. (uk) pl (ta in.), та і́нші pl (ta ínši) Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can Welsh: ac eraill

See also

• inter alia

Etymology 2

From Latin, abbreviation of et alibī (“and other places”) (English: et alibi).

Phrase

et al.

1. And elsewhere; to complete a list of places.

Related terms

• et alibi

Anagrams

• EATL, ETLA, Elta, LATE, TEAL, TEAl, Teal, late, leat, tael, tale, teal, tela

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Danish

Phrase

et al.

1. et al.; used to complete a list of authors

See also

• oa.

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Latin

Adverb

et al. (not comparable)

1. Abbreviation of et aliī (“and others”). (masculine plural)
2. Abbreviation of et aliae (“and others”). (feminine plural)
3. Abbreviation of et alia (“and others”). (neuter plural)
4. Abbreviation of et alibī (“and other occurrences”).

Usage notes

• Mixed-gender groups would use et aliī.

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Portuguese

Phrase

et al.

1. et al. (and others)