espeler
Old French
Etymology
From earlier espelir, from Frankish *spelôn, from Proto-Germanic *spellōną (“to speak”). The -er ending is probably by analogy with apeler.
Verb
espeler
- to call; to cry out; to shout
- to explain; to tell
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-els, *-elt are modified to eaus, eaut. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of espeler (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | espeler | avoir espelé | |||||
| gerund | en espelant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | espelant | ||||||
| past participle | espelé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | espel | espeles | espele | espelons | espelez | espelent |
| imperfect | espeloie, espeleie, espeloe, espeleve | espeloies, espeleies, espeloes, espeleves | espeloit, espeleit, espelot, espeleve | espeliiens, espeliens | espeliiez, espeliez | espeloient, espeleient, espeloent, espelevent | |
| preterite | espelai | espelas | espela | espelames | espelastes | espelerent | |
| future | espelerai | espeleras | espelera | espelerons | espeleroiz, espelereiz, espelerez | espeleront | |
| conditional | espeleroie, espelereie | espeleroies, espelereies | espeleroit, espelereit | espeleriiens, espeleriens | espeleriiez, espeleriez | espeleroient, espelereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | espel | espeaus | espeaut | espelons | espelez | espelent |
| imperfect | espelasse | espelasses | espelast | espelissons, espelissiens | espelissoiz, espelissez, espelissiez | espelassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | espele | — | espelons | espelez | — | ||
Descendants
- English: to spell
- French: épeler
- Ido: espelar