esguarder
Old French
Alternative forms
- esgarder
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *exwardāre, equivalent to es- + guarder.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): (early) /ɛs.ɡʷarˈdɛr/
- IPA(key): (late) /ɛː.ɡarˈdɛr/
Verb
esguarder
- to look at
- to study, to observe
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-d, *-ds, *-dt are modified to t, z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of esguarder (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | esguarder | avoir esguardé | |||||
| gerund | en esguardant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | esguardant | ||||||
| past participle | esguardé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | esguart | esguardes | esguarde | esguardons | esguardez | esguardent |
| imperfect | esguardoie, esguardeie, esguardoe, esguardeve | esguardoies, esguardeies, esguardoes, esguardeves | esguardoit, esguardeit, esguardot, esguardeve | esguardiiens, esguardiens | esguardiiez, esguardiez | esguardoient, esguardeient, esguardoent, esguardevent | |
| preterite | esguardai | esguardas | esguarda | esguardames | esguardastes | esguarderent | |
| future | esguarderai | esguarderas | esguardera | esguarderons | esguarderoiz, esguardereiz, esguarderez | esguarderont | |
| conditional | esguarderoie, esguardereie | esguarderoies, esguardereies | esguarderoit, esguardereit | esguarderiiens, esguarderiens | esguarderiiez, esguarderiez | esguarderoient, esguardereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | esguart | esguarz | esguart | esguardons | esguardez | esguardent |
| imperfect | esguardasse | esguardasses | esguardast | esguardissons, esguardissiens | esguardissoiz, esguardissez, esguardissiez | esguardassent | |
| compound tenses | past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | esguarde | — | esguardons | esguardez | — | ||
Quotations
Christian of Troyes (circa 1170) Yvain ou le Chevalier au lion: “Et li leons, qui che esgarde,
De li aidier plus ne se tarde[.]”
- And the lion who was watching
- Did not wait any longer to help him.
Synonyms
- reguarder
Descendants
- French: égard