escatimar
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /əs.kə.tiˈma/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /es.ka.tiˈmaɾ/
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
Verb
escatimar (first-person singular present escatimo, past participle escatimat)
- to use sparingly, to skimp
Conjugation
Conjugation of escatimar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | escatimar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | escatimant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | escatimat | escatimada | |||||
| plural | escatimats | escatimades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | escatimo | escatimes | escatima | escatimem | escatimeu | escatimen | |
| imperfect | escatimava | escatimaves | escatimava | escatimàvem | escatimàveu | escatimaven | |
| future | escatimaré | escatimaràs | escatimarà | escatimarem | escatimareu | escatimaran | |
| preterite | escatimí | escatimares | escatimà | escatimàrem | escatimàreu | escatimaren | |
| conditional | escatimaria | escatimaries | escatimaria | escatimaríem | escatimaríeu | escatimarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | escatimi | escatimis | escatimi | escatimem | escatimeu | escatimin | |
| imperfect | escatimés | escatimessis | escatimés | escatiméssim | escatiméssiu | escatimessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | escatima | escatimi | escatimem | escatimeu | escatimin | ||
Further reading
- “escatimar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Galician
Etymology
Unknown. From Old Galician and Old Portuguese escatimar (13th century). The Germanic etymology proposed by Coromines[1] is unsustainable, according to Ramón Lorenzo.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [eskɑtiˈmaɾ]
Verb
escatimar (first-person singular present escatimo, first-person singular preterite escatimei, past participle escatimado)
- (transitive) to use sparingly, to skimp, to scrimp
- (transitive, dated) to despise; to offend; to skimp
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, dated) to take offense
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
- Dime algùnha còusa dòce
- como habes doito, é catá,
- que si así no no fazèdes,
- me escatìmo, é velo hàs.
- Ven sabedes, vaiche bòa!
- como estas cousas se fàn,
- è madia tendes, senon
- eu êime de encabuxar.
- Tell me something sweet
- As you usually do, but beware,
- if you don't do it like that
- I'll take offense, you'll see.
- You know well, it could not be otherwise!
- how these things are done,
- no doubt about it or else
- I'll get angry.
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
Conjugation
Conjugation of escatimar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | escatimar | |||||
| personal | escatimar | escatimares | escatimar | escatimarmos | escatimardes | escatimaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| escatimando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | escatimado | escatimados | ||||
| feminine | escatimada | escatimadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | escatimo | escatimas | escatima | escatimamos | escatimades | escatiman |
| imperfect | escatimaba | escatimabas | escatimaba | escatimabamos | escatimabades | escatimaban |
| preterite | escatimei | escatimaches | escatimou | escatimamos | escatimastes | escatimaron |
| pluperfect | escatimara | escatimaras | escatimara | escatimaramos | escatimarades | escatimaran |
| future | escatimarei | escatimarás | escatimará | escatimaremos | escatimaredes | escatimarán |
| conditional | escatimaría | escatimarías | escatimaría | escatimariamos | escatimariades | escatimarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | escatime | escatimes | escatime | escatimemos | escatimedes | escatimen |
| preterite | escatimase | escatimases | escatimase | escatimásemos | escatimásedes | escatimasen |
| future | escatimar | escatimares | escatimar | escatimarmos | escatimardes | escatimaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | escatima | escatime | escatimemos | escatimade | escatimen |
| negative | – | escatimes | escatime | escatimemos | escatimedes | escatimen |
Related terms
- escatima
- escatimado
- escatimadamente
References
- “escatimar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “escatimar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “escatimar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “escatimar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “escatimar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “escatimar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Spanish
Etymology
From Gothic *𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*skattjan); compare 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌾𐌰 (skattja). Related to German Schatz (“treasure”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /eskatiˈmaɾ/ [es.ka.t̪iˈmaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: es‧ca‧ti‧mar
Verb
escatimar (first-person singular present escatimo, first-person singular preterite escatimé, past participle escatimado)
- to use sparingly, to skimp
- to scrimp, to stint, to cut corners
Conjugation
Conjugation of escatimar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | escatimar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | escatimando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | escatimado | escatimada | |||||
| plural | escatimados | escatimadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | escatimo | escatimastú escatimásvos | escatima | escatimamos | escatimáis | escatiman | |
| imperfect | escatimaba | escatimabas | escatimaba | escatimábamos | escatimabais | escatimaban | |
| preterite | escatimé | escatimaste | escatimó | escatimamos | escatimasteis | escatimaron | |
| future | escatimaré | escatimarás | escatimará | escatimaremos | escatimaréis | escatimarán | |
| conditional | escatimaría | escatimarías | escatimaría | escatimaríamos | escatimaríais | escatimarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | escatime | escatimestú escatimésvos2 | escatime | escatimemos | escatiméis | escatimen | |
| imperfect (ra) | escatimara | escatimaras | escatimara | escatimáramos | escatimarais | escatimaran | |
| imperfect (se) | escatimase | escatimases | escatimase | escatimásemos | escatimaseis | escatimasen | |
| future1 | escatimare | escatimares | escatimare | escatimáremos | escatimareis | escatimaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | escatimatú escatimávos | escatime | escatimemos | escatimad | escatimen | ||
| negative | no escatimes | no escatime | no escatimemos | no escatiméis | no escatimen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of escatimar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive escatimar | |||||||
| dative | escatimarme | escatimarte | escatimarle, escatimarse | escatimarnos | escatimaros | escatimarles, escatimarse | |
| accusative | escatimarme | escatimarte | escatimarlo, escatimarla, escatimarse | escatimarnos | escatimaros | escatimarlos, escatimarlas, escatimarse | |
| with gerund escatimando | |||||||
| dative | escatimándome | escatimándote | escatimándole, escatimándose | escatimándonos | escatimándoos | escatimándoles, escatimándose | |
| accusative | escatimándome | escatimándote | escatimándolo, escatimándola, escatimándose | escatimándonos | escatimándoos | escatimándolos, escatimándolas, escatimándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative escatima | |||||||
| dative | escatímame | escatímate | escatímale | escatímanos | not used | escatímales | |
| accusative | escatímame | escatímate | escatímalo, escatímala | escatímanos | not used | escatímalos, escatímalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative escatimá | |||||||
| dative | escatimame | escatimate | escatimale | escatimanos | not used | escatimales | |
| accusative | escatimame | escatimate | escatimalo, escatimala | escatimanos | not used | escatimalos, escatimalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative escatime | |||||||
| dative | escatímeme | not used | escatímele, escatímese | escatímenos | not used | escatímeles | |
| accusative | escatímeme | not used | escatímelo, escatímela, escatímese | escatímenos | not used | escatímelos, escatímelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative escatimemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | escatimémoste | escatimémosle | escatimémonos | escatimémoos | escatimémosles | |
| accusative | not used | escatimémoste | escatimémoslo, escatimémosla | escatimémonos | escatimémoos | escatimémoslos, escatimémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative escatimad | |||||||
| dative | escatimadme | not used | escatimadle | escatimadnos | escatimaos | escatimadles | |
| accusative | escatimadme | not used | escatimadlo, escatimadla | escatimadnos | escatimaos | escatimadlos, escatimadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative escatimen | |||||||
| dative | escatímenme | not used | escatímenle | escatímennos | not used | escatímenles, escatímense | |
| accusative | escatímenme | not used | escatímenlo, escatímenla | escatímennos | not used | escatímenlos, escatímenlas, escatímense | |
See also
- regatear
Further reading
- “escatimar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014