afhouden
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch afhouden. Equivalent to af + houden.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɑfˌɦɑu̯.də(n)/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: af‧hou‧den
Verb
afhouden
- (transitive) to bar, to keep away
- (reflexive) to avoid [+ van (object)], to avoid being involved [+ van (inanimate)]
- (reflexive, intransitive) to keep one's distance, to stay at a distance
- (transitive, field hockey) to obstruct, to use a hockey stick to block an opponent's access to the hockey ball
Inflection
| Inflection of afhouden (strong class 7, slightly irregular, separable) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | afhouden | |||
| past singular | hield af | |||
| past participle | afgehouden | |||
| infinitive | afhouden | |||
| gerund | afhouden n | |||
| main clause | subordinate clause | |||
| present tense | past tense | present tense | past tense | |
| 1st person singular | hou af, houd af | hield af | afhou, afhoud | afhield |
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | houdt af | hield af | afhoudt | afhield |
| 2nd person sing. (u) | houdt af | hield af | afhoudt | afhield |
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | houdt af | hieldt af | afhoudt | afhieldt |
| 3rd person singular | houdt af | hield af | afhoudt | afhield |
| plural | houden af | hielden af | afhouden | afhielden |
| subjunctive sing.1 | houde af | hielde af | afhoude | afhielde |
| subjunctive plur.1 | houden af | hielden af | afhouden | afhielden |
| imperative sing. | hou af, houd af | |||
| imperative plur.1 | houdt af | |||
| participles | afhoudend | afgehouden | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Descendants
- Negerhollands: hou af, how af
- → Papiamentu: hou af (dated)