affronter
English
Etymology
affront + -er
Noun
affronter (plural affronters)
- Someone who affronts.
- One who receives an affront.
- 1833, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, England and the English
- the affront given, out at once go affronter and affrontee
- 1833, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, England and the English
Translations
someone who affronts
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French
Etymology
From Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a French derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem. Compare Italian affrontare.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.fʁɔ̃.te/
Audio (file)
Verb
affronter
- to confront, face
- 2018, Zaz, Résigne-moi
- Je rêve de plus me juger, car la vie me montre ce que je dois affronter.
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- 2018, Zaz, Résigne-moi
- (reflexive) to face off, to clash
Conjugation
Conjugation of affronter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | affronter | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | affrontant /a.fʁɔ̃.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | affronté /a.fʁɔ̃.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | affronte /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | affrontes /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | affronte /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | affrontons /a.fʁɔ̃.tɔ̃/ | affrontez /a.fʁɔ̃.te/ | affrontent /a.fʁɔ̃t/ |
| imperfect | affrontais /a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/ | affrontais /a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/ | affrontait /a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/ | affrontions /a.fʁɔ̃.tjɔ̃/ | affrontiez /a.fʁɔ̃.tje/ | affrontaient /a.fʁɔ̃.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | affrontai /a.fʁɔ̃.te/ | affrontas /a.fʁɔ̃.ta/ | affronta /a.fʁɔ̃.ta/ | affrontâmes /a.fʁɔ̃.tam/ | affrontâtes /a.fʁɔ̃.tat/ | affrontèrent /a.fʁɔ̃.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | affronterai /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁe/ | affronteras /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁa/ | affrontera /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁa/ | affronterons /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/ | affronterez /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁe/ | affronteront /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | affronterais /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/ | affronterais /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/ | affronterait /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/ | affronterions /a.fʁɔ̃.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ | affronteriez /a.fʁɔ̃.tə.ʁje/ | affronteraient /a.fʁɔ̃.tʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | affronte /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | affrontes /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | affronte /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | affrontions /a.fʁɔ̃.tjɔ̃/ | affrontiez /a.fʁɔ̃.tje/ | affrontent /a.fʁɔ̃t/ |
| imperfect2 | affrontasse /a.fʁɔ̃.tas/ | affrontasses /a.fʁɔ̃.tas/ | affrontât /a.fʁɔ̃.ta/ | affrontassions /a.fʁɔ̃.ta.sjɔ̃/ | affrontassiez /a.fʁɔ̃.ta.sje/ | affrontassent /a.fʁɔ̃.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | affronte /a.fʁɔ̃t/ | — | affrontons /a.fʁɔ̃.tɔ̃/ | affrontez /a.fʁɔ̃.te/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Synonyms
- faire face
Further reading
- “affronter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Norman
Etymology
From Old French afronter (“to face; to confront; to slap in the face”), either a derivation a- + front + -er, or an inheritance from an unattested Vulgar Latin *affrontāre (“to strike against”), from Latin ad + frontem.
Verb
affronter
- (Jersey) to face; to confront