ensauvager
French
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Verb
ensauvager
- to make wild
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written ensauvage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of ensauvager (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | ensauvager | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | ensauvageant /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | ensauvagé /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | ensauvage /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | ensauvages /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | ensauvage /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | ensauvageons /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɔ̃/ | ensauvagez /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒe/ | ensauvagent /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ |
imperfect | ensauvageais /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɛ/ | ensauvageais /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɛ/ | ensauvageait /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɛ/ | ensauvagions /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒjɔ̃/ | ensauvagiez /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒje/ | ensauvageaient /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɛ/ | |
past historic2 | ensauvageai /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒe/ | ensauvageas /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒa/ | ensauvagea /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒa/ | ensauvageâmes /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒam/ | ensauvageâtes /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒat/ | ensauvagèrent /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɛʁ/ | |
future | ensauvagerai /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁe/ | ensauvageras /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁa/ | ensauvagera /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁa/ | ensauvagerons /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | ensauvagerez /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁe/ | ensauvageront /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | ensauvagerais /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ | ensauvagerais /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ | ensauvagerait /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ | ensauvagerions /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ | ensauvageriez /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒə.ʁje/ | ensauvageraient /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) | present | ensauvage /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | ensauvages /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | ensauvage /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | ensauvagions /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒjɔ̃/ | ensauvagiez /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒje/ | ensauvagent /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ |
imperfect2 | ensauvageasse /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒas/ | ensauvageasses /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒas/ | ensauvageât /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒa/ | ensauvageassions /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ | ensauvageassiez /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒa.sje/ | ensauvageassent /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒas/ | |
(compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | ensauvage /ɑ̃.so.vaʒ/ | — | ensauvageons /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒɔ̃/ | ensauvagez /ɑ̃.so.va.ʒe/ | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
- “ensauvager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.