enfoscar
Catalan
Pronunciation
- (Balearic) IPA(key): /əm.fosˈka/
- (Central) IPA(key): /əm.fusˈka/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /em.fosˈkaɾ/
Verb
enfoscar (first-person singular present enfosco, past participle enfoscat)
- Alternative form of enfosquir
Conjugation
Conjugation of enfoscar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | enfoscar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | enfoscant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | enfoscat | enfoscada | |||||
| plural | enfoscats | enfoscades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | enfosco | enfosques | enfosca | enfosquem | enfosqueu | enfosquen | |
| imperfect | enfoscava | enfoscaves | enfoscava | enfoscàvem | enfoscàveu | enfoscaven | |
| future | enfoscaré | enfoscaràs | enfoscarà | enfoscarem | enfoscareu | enfoscaran | |
| preterite | enfosquí | enfoscares | enfoscà | enfoscàrem | enfoscàreu | enfoscaren | |
| conditional | enfoscaria | enfoscaries | enfoscaria | enfoscaríem | enfoscaríeu | enfoscarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | enfosqui | enfosquis | enfosqui | enfosquem | enfosqueu | enfosquin | |
| imperfect | enfosqués | enfosquessis | enfosqués | enfosquéssim | enfosquéssiu | enfosquessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | enfosca | enfosqui | enfosquem | enfosqueu | enfosquin | ||
Further reading
- “enfoscar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “enfoscar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “enfoscar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “enfoscar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Galician
Etymology
From en- + fosco + -ar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /enfosˈkaɾ/, /enfusˈkaɾ/
Verb
enfoscar (first-person singular present esfosco, first-person singular preterite enfosquei, past participle esfoscado)
- to dim, darken
Conjugation
- Note: enfosc- are changed to enfosqu- before front vowels (e).
Conjugation of enfoscar
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| person | first | second | third | first | second | third |
| Infinitive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| impersonal | enfoscar | |||||
| personal | enfoscar | enfoscares | enfoscar | enfoscarmos | enfoscardes | enfoscaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| enfoscando | ||||||
| Past participle | singular | plural | ||||
| masculine | enfoscado | enfoscados | ||||
| feminine | enfoscada | enfoscadas | ||||
| Indicative | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | enfosco | enfoscas | enfosca | enfoscamos | enfoscades | enfoscan |
| imperfect | enfoscaba | enfoscabas | enfoscaba | enfoscabamos | enfoscabades | enfoscaban |
| preterite | enfosquei | enfoscaches | enfoscou | enfoscamos | enfoscastes | enfoscaron |
| pluperfect | enfoscara | enfoscaras | enfoscara | enfoscaramos | enfoscarades | enfoscaran |
| future | enfoscarei | enfoscarás | enfoscará | enfoscaremos | enfoscaredes | enfoscarán |
| conditional | enfoscaría | enfoscarías | enfoscaría | enfoscariamos | enfoscariades | enfoscarían |
| Subjunctive | eu | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| present | enfosque | enfosques | enfosque | enfosquemos | enfosquedes | enfosquen |
| preterite | enfoscase | enfoscases | enfoscase | enfoscásemos | enfoscásedes | enfoscasen |
| future | enfoscar | enfoscares | enfoscar | enfoscarmos | enfoscardes | enfoscaren |
| Imperative | – | ti | el/ela/Vde. | nós | vós | eles/elas/Vdes. |
| affirmative | – | enfosca | enfosque | enfosquemos | enfoscade | enfosquen |
| negative | – | enfosques | enfosque | enfosquemos | enfosquedes | enfosquen |
References
- “enfoscar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
Spanish
Etymology
From Latin īnfuscō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /enfosˈkaɾ/ [ẽɱ.fosˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: en‧fos‧car
Verb
enfoscar (first-person singular present enfosco, first-person singular preterite enfosqué, past participle enfoscado)
- (transitive) to mortar (fill with mortar)
- (reflexive) to cloud over
- (reflexive) to become sulky
Conjugation
Conjugation of enfoscar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | enfoscar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | enfoscando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | enfoscado | enfoscada | |||||
| plural | enfoscados | enfoscadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | enfosco | enfoscastú enfoscásvos | enfosca | enfoscamos | enfoscáis | enfoscan | |
| imperfect | enfoscaba | enfoscabas | enfoscaba | enfoscábamos | enfoscabais | enfoscaban | |
| preterite | enfosqué | enfoscaste | enfoscó | enfoscamos | enfoscasteis | enfoscaron | |
| future | enfoscaré | enfoscarás | enfoscará | enfoscaremos | enfoscaréis | enfoscarán | |
| conditional | enfoscaría | enfoscarías | enfoscaría | enfoscaríamos | enfoscaríais | enfoscarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | enfosque | enfosquestú enfosquésvos2 | enfosque | enfosquemos | enfosquéis | enfosquen | |
| imperfect (ra) | enfoscara | enfoscaras | enfoscara | enfoscáramos | enfoscarais | enfoscaran | |
| imperfect (se) | enfoscase | enfoscases | enfoscase | enfoscásemos | enfoscaseis | enfoscasen | |
| future1 | enfoscare | enfoscares | enfoscare | enfoscáremos | enfoscareis | enfoscaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | enfoscatú enfoscávos | enfosque | enfosquemos | enfoscad | enfosquen | ||
| negative | no enfosques | no enfosque | no enfosquemos | no enfosquéis | no enfosquen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of enfoscar (c-qu alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive enfoscar | |||||||
| dative | enfoscarme | enfoscarte | enfoscarle, enfoscarse | enfoscarnos | enfoscaros | enfoscarles, enfoscarse | |
| accusative | enfoscarme | enfoscarte | enfoscarlo, enfoscarla, enfoscarse | enfoscarnos | enfoscaros | enfoscarlos, enfoscarlas, enfoscarse | |
| with gerund enfoscando | |||||||
| dative | enfoscándome | enfoscándote | enfoscándole, enfoscándose | enfoscándonos | enfoscándoos | enfoscándoles, enfoscándose | |
| accusative | enfoscándome | enfoscándote | enfoscándolo, enfoscándola, enfoscándose | enfoscándonos | enfoscándoos | enfoscándolos, enfoscándolas, enfoscándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative enfosca | |||||||
| dative | enfóscame | enfóscate | enfóscale | enfóscanos | not used | enfóscales | |
| accusative | enfóscame | enfóscate | enfóscalo, enfóscala | enfóscanos | not used | enfóscalos, enfóscalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative enfoscá | |||||||
| dative | enfoscame | enfoscate | enfoscale | enfoscanos | not used | enfoscales | |
| accusative | enfoscame | enfoscate | enfoscalo, enfoscala | enfoscanos | not used | enfoscalos, enfoscalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative enfosque | |||||||
| dative | enfósqueme | not used | enfósquele, enfósquese | enfósquenos | not used | enfósqueles | |
| accusative | enfósqueme | not used | enfósquelo, enfósquela, enfósquese | enfósquenos | not used | enfósquelos, enfósquelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative enfosquemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | enfosquémoste | enfosquémosle | enfosquémonos | enfosquémoos | enfosquémosles | |
| accusative | not used | enfosquémoste | enfosquémoslo, enfosquémosla | enfosquémonos | enfosquémoos | enfosquémoslos, enfosquémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative enfoscad | |||||||
| dative | enfoscadme | not used | enfoscadle | enfoscadnos | enfoscaos | enfoscadles | |
| accusative | enfoscadme | not used | enfoscadlo, enfoscadla | enfoscadnos | enfoscaos | enfoscadlos, enfoscadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative enfosquen | |||||||
| dative | enfósquenme | not used | enfósquenle | enfósquennos | not used | enfósquenles, enfósquense | |
| accusative | enfósquenme | not used | enfósquenlo, enfósquenla | enfósquennos | not used | enfósquenlos, enfósquenlas, enfósquense | |
Further reading
- “enfoscar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014