encrespar
Portuguese
Etymology
From en- + crespo + -ar.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.kɾesˈpa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.kɾesˈpa(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.kɾesˈpa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.kɾesˈpa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.kɾesˈpa(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.kɾesˈpa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.kɾeʃˈpa(ʁ)/ [ẽ.kɾeʃˈpa(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.kɾeʃˈpa(ʁ)/ [ĩ.kɾeʃˈpa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.kɾesˈpa(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.kɾesˈpa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.kɾɨʃˈpaɾ/
Verb
encrespar (first-person singular present encrespo, first-person singular preterite encrespei, past participle encrespado)
- to curl (hair)
- inflection of encrespar:
- first/third-person singular future subjunctive
- first/third-person singular personal infinitive
Conjugation
Conjugation of encrespar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | encrespar | |||||
| Personal | encrespar | encrespares | encrespar | encresparmos | encrespardes | encresparem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| encrespando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | encrespado | encrespados | ||||
| Feminine | encrespada | encrespadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | encrespo | encrespas | encrespa | encrespamos | encrespais | encrespam |
| Imperfect | encrespava | encrespavas | encrespava | encrespávamos | encrespáveis | encrespavam |
| Preterite | encrespei | encrespaste | encrespou | encrespamos1, encrespámos2 | encrespastes | encresparam |
| Pluperfect | encrespara | encresparas | encrespara | encrespáramos | encrespáreis | encresparam |
| Future | encresparei | encresparás | encrespará | encresparemos | encrespareis | encresparão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| encresparia | encresparias | encresparia | encresparíamos | encresparíeis | encrespariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | encrespe | encrespes | encrespe | encrespemos | encrespeis | encrespem |
| Imperfect | encrespasse | encrespasses | encrespasse | encrespássemos | encrespásseis | encrespassem |
| Future | encrespar | encrespares | encrespar | encresparmos | encrespardes | encresparem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | encrespa | encrespe | encrespemos | encrespai | encrespem | |
| Negative (não) | não encrespes | não encrespe | não encrespemos | não encrespeis | não encrespem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Etymology
From en- + crespo + -ar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /enkɾesˈpaɾ/ [ẽŋ.kɾesˈpaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: en‧cres‧par
Verb
encrespar (first-person singular present encrespo, first-person singular preterite encrespé, past participle encrespado)
- to ripple
- to curl (hair)
- (reflexive) to become agitated
Conjugation
Conjugation of encrespar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | encrespar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | encrespando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | encrespado | encrespada | |||||
| plural | encrespados | encrespadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | encrespo | encrespastú encrespásvos | encrespa | encrespamos | encrespáis | encrespan | |
| imperfect | encrespaba | encrespabas | encrespaba | encrespábamos | encrespabais | encrespaban | |
| preterite | encrespé | encrespaste | encrespó | encrespamos | encrespasteis | encresparon | |
| future | encresparé | encresparás | encrespará | encresparemos | encresparéis | encresparán | |
| conditional | encresparía | encresparías | encresparía | encresparíamos | encresparíais | encresparían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | encrespe | encrespestú encrespésvos2 | encrespe | encrespemos | encrespéis | encrespen | |
| imperfect (ra) | encrespara | encresparas | encrespara | encrespáramos | encresparais | encresparan | |
| imperfect (se) | encrespase | encrespases | encrespase | encrespásemos | encrespaseis | encrespasen | |
| future1 | encrespare | encrespares | encrespare | encrespáremos | encrespareis | encresparen | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | encrespatú encrespávos | encrespe | encrespemos | encrespad | encrespen | ||
| negative | no encrespes | no encrespe | no encrespemos | no encrespéis | no encrespen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of encrespar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive encrespar | |||||||
| dative | encresparme | encresparte | encresparle, encresparse | encresparnos | encresparos | encresparles, encresparse | |
| accusative | encresparme | encresparte | encresparlo, encresparla, encresparse | encresparnos | encresparos | encresparlos, encresparlas, encresparse | |
| with gerund encrespando | |||||||
| dative | encrespándome | encrespándote | encrespándole, encrespándose | encrespándonos | encrespándoos | encrespándoles, encrespándose | |
| accusative | encrespándome | encrespándote | encrespándolo, encrespándola, encrespándose | encrespándonos | encrespándoos | encrespándolos, encrespándolas, encrespándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative encrespa | |||||||
| dative | encréspame | encréspate | encréspale | encréspanos | not used | encréspales | |
| accusative | encréspame | encréspate | encréspalo, encréspala | encréspanos | not used | encréspalos, encréspalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative encrespá | |||||||
| dative | encrespame | encrespate | encrespale | encrespanos | not used | encrespales | |
| accusative | encrespame | encrespate | encrespalo, encrespala | encrespanos | not used | encrespalos, encrespalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative encrespe | |||||||
| dative | encréspeme | not used | encréspele, encréspese | encréspenos | not used | encréspeles | |
| accusative | encréspeme | not used | encréspelo, encréspela, encréspese | encréspenos | not used | encréspelos, encréspelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative encrespemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | encrespémoste | encrespémosle | encrespémonos | encrespémoos | encrespémosles | |
| accusative | not used | encrespémoste | encrespémoslo, encrespémosla | encrespémonos | encrespémoos | encrespémoslos, encrespémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative encrespad | |||||||
| dative | encrespadme | not used | encrespadle | encrespadnos | encrespaos | encrespadles | |
| accusative | encrespadme | not used | encrespadlo, encrespadla | encrespadnos | encrespaos | encrespadlos, encrespadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative encrespen | |||||||
| dative | encréspenme | not used | encréspenle | encréspennos | not used | encréspenles, encréspense | |
| accusative | encréspenme | not used | encréspenlo, encréspenla | encréspennos | not used | encréspenlos, encréspenlas, encréspense | |
Further reading
- “encrespar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014