encomendar
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- comendar (dated)
Etymology
From en- + Old Portuguese comendar, from Latin commendāre. Compare comandar, a doublet borrowed from French.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ko.mẽˈda(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ko.mẽˈda(h)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ko.mẽˈda(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ko.mẽˈda(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ko.mẽˈda(ɾ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ko.mẽˈda(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ko.mẽˈda(ʁ)/ [ẽ.ko.mẽˈda(χ)], (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ko.mẽˈda(ʁ)/ [ĩ.ko.mẽˈda(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): (careful pronunciation) /ẽ.ko.mẽˈda(ɻ)/, (natural pronunciation) /ĩ.ko.mẽˈda(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ẽ.ku.mẽˈdaɾ/
- Hyphenation: en‧co‧men‧dar
Verb
encomendar (first-person singular present encomendo, first-person singular preterite encomendei, past participle encomendado)
- (transitive) to order; to instruct
- (transitive) to commission
- (transitive) to recommend
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to commend oneself; to entrust oneself
Conjugation
Conjugation of encomendar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | encomendar | |||||
| Personal | encomendar | encomendares | encomendar | encomendarmos | encomendardes | encomendarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| encomendando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | encomendado | encomendados | ||||
| Feminine | encomendada | encomendadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | encomendo | encomendas | encomenda | encomendamos | encomendais | encomendam |
| Imperfect | encomendava | encomendavas | encomendava | encomendávamos | encomendáveis | encomendavam |
| Preterite | encomendei | encomendaste | encomendou | encomendamos1, encomendámos2 | encomendastes | encomendaram |
| Pluperfect | encomendara | encomendaras | encomendara | encomendáramos | encomendáreis | encomendaram |
| Future | encomendarei | encomendarás | encomendará | encomendaremos | encomendareis | encomendarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| encomendaria | encomendarias | encomendaria | encomendaríamos | encomendaríeis | encomendariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | encomende | encomendes | encomende | encomendemos | encomendeis | encomendem |
| Imperfect | encomendasse | encomendasses | encomendasse | encomendássemos | encomendásseis | encomendassem |
| Future | encomendar | encomendares | encomendar | encomendarmos | encomendardes | encomendarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | encomenda | encomende | encomendemos | encomendai | encomendem | |
| Negative (não) | não encomendes | não encomende | não encomendemos | não encomendeis | não encomendem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Derived terms
- encomenda
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish en- + comendar, from Latin commendāre, present active infinitive of commendō. Compare comandar, a doublet borrowed from Italian or French.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /enkomenˈdaɾ/ [ẽŋ.ko.mẽn̪ˈd̪aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: en‧co‧men‧dar
Verb
encomendar (first-person singular present encomiendo, first-person singular preterite encomendé, past participle encomendado)
- to entrust
- Encomendó la organización del evento a su asistente.
- She entrusted the organisation of the event to her assistant.
- 1602 — La Santa Biblia (antigua versión de Casiodoro de Reina), rev., Los Hechos 15:40
- Y Pablo escogiendo á Silas, partió encomendado de los hermanos á la gracia del Señor.
Conjugation
Conjugation of encomendar (e-ie alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | encomendar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | encomendando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | encomendado | encomendada | |||||
| plural | encomendados | encomendadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | encomiendo | encomiendastú encomendásvos | encomienda | encomendamos | encomendáis | encomiendan | |
| imperfect | encomendaba | encomendabas | encomendaba | encomendábamos | encomendabais | encomendaban | |
| preterite | encomendé | encomendaste | encomendó | encomendamos | encomendasteis | encomendaron | |
| future | encomendaré | encomendarás | encomendará | encomendaremos | encomendaréis | encomendarán | |
| conditional | encomendaría | encomendarías | encomendaría | encomendaríamos | encomendaríais | encomendarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | encomiende | encomiendestú encomendésvos2 | encomiende | encomendemos | encomendéis | encomienden | |
| imperfect (ra) | encomendara | encomendaras | encomendara | encomendáramos | encomendarais | encomendaran | |
| imperfect (se) | encomendase | encomendases | encomendase | encomendásemos | encomendaseis | encomendasen | |
| future1 | encomendare | encomendares | encomendare | encomendáremos | encomendareis | encomendaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | encomiendatú encomendávos | encomiende | encomendemos | encomendad | encomienden | ||
| negative | no encomiendes | no encomiende | no encomendemos | no encomendéis | no encomienden | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of encomendar (e-ie alternation)
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive encomendar | |||||||
| dative | encomendarme | encomendarte | encomendarle, encomendarse | encomendarnos | encomendaros | encomendarles, encomendarse | |
| accusative | encomendarme | encomendarte | encomendarlo, encomendarla, encomendarse | encomendarnos | encomendaros | encomendarlos, encomendarlas, encomendarse | |
| with gerund encomendando | |||||||
| dative | encomendándome | encomendándote | encomendándole, encomendándose | encomendándonos | encomendándoos | encomendándoles, encomendándose | |
| accusative | encomendándome | encomendándote | encomendándolo, encomendándola, encomendándose | encomendándonos | encomendándoos | encomendándolos, encomendándolas, encomendándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative encomienda | |||||||
| dative | encomiéndame | encomiéndate | encomiéndale | encomiéndanos | not used | encomiéndales | |
| accusative | encomiéndame | encomiéndate | encomiéndalo, encomiéndala | encomiéndanos | not used | encomiéndalos, encomiéndalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative encomendá | |||||||
| dative | encomendame | encomendate | encomendale | encomendanos | not used | encomendales | |
| accusative | encomendame | encomendate | encomendalo, encomendala | encomendanos | not used | encomendalos, encomendalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative encomiende | |||||||
| dative | encomiéndeme | not used | encomiéndele, encomiéndese | encomiéndenos | not used | encomiéndeles | |
| accusative | encomiéndeme | not used | encomiéndelo, encomiéndela, encomiéndese | encomiéndenos | not used | encomiéndelos, encomiéndelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative encomendemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | encomendémoste | encomendémosle | encomendémonos | encomendémoos | encomendémosles | |
| accusative | not used | encomendémoste | encomendémoslo, encomendémosla | encomendémonos | encomendémoos | encomendémoslos, encomendémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative encomendad | |||||||
| dative | encomendadme | not used | encomendadle | encomendadnos | encomendaos | encomendadles | |
| accusative | encomendadme | not used | encomendadlo, encomendadla | encomendadnos | encomendaos | encomendadlos, encomendadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative encomienden | |||||||
| dative | encomiéndenme | not used | encomiéndenle | encomiéndennos | not used | encomiéndenles, encomiéndense | |
| accusative | encomiéndenme | not used | encomiéndenlo, encomiéndenla | encomiéndennos | not used | encomiéndenlos, encomiéndenlas, encomiéndense | |
Derived terms
- encomienda
Further reading
- “encomendar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014