empenhar
Portuguese
Etymology
From Late Latin *impignāre, from pignus (“pledge”). Compare Spanish empeñar and Italian impegnare.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˌe͡ɪm.peɲˈaʁ/
- Hyphenation: em‧pe‧nhar
Verb
empenhar (first-person singular present indicative empenho, past participle empenhado)
- (transitive) to pawn
- (transitive) to pledge
- empenhar a palavra ― to pledge one's word
- (transitive) to force
- (transitive) to commit
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to get into debt
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with em) to dedicate oneself; to commit oneself to
- empenhar-se em fazer alguma coisa ― to put a lot into something
- (takes a reflexive pronoun, transitive with em) to strive to; to make an effort
Conjugation
Conjugation of the Portuguese -ar verb empenhar
Notes:[edit]
| ||||||
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | empenhar | |||||
| Personal | empenhar | empenhares | empenhar | empenharmos | empenhardes | empenharem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| empenhando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | empenhado | empenhados | ||||
| Feminine | empenhada | empenhadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | empenho | empenhas | empenha | empenhamos | empenhais | empenham |
| Imperfect | empenhava | empenhavas | empenhava | empenhávamos | empenháveis | empenhavam |
| Preterite | empenhei | empenhaste | empenhou | empenhamos empenhámos | empenhastes | empenharam |
| Pluperfect | empenhara | empenharas | empenhara | empenháramos | empenháreis | empenharam |
| Future | empenharei | empenharás | empenhará | empenharemos | empenhareis | empenharão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| empenharia | empenharias | empenharia | empenharíamos | empenharíeis | empenhariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | empenhe | empenhes | empenhe | empenhemos | empenheis | empenhem |
| Imperfect | empenhasse | empenhasses | empenhasse | empenhássemos | empenhásseis | empenhassem |
| Future | empenhar | empenhares | empenhar | empenharmos | empenhardes | empenharem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | - | empenha | empenhe | empenhemos | empenhai | empenhem |
| Negative (não) | - | empenhes | empenhe | empenhemos | empenheis | empenhem |
Synonyms
- (to pawn): penhorar
- (to commit): comprometer
- (to force): forçar, obrigar
- (to dedicate oneself): dedicar-se
- (to get into debt): endividar-se
Derived terms
- empenhado