afanar
Catalan
Etymology
From afanyar (“to hurry”).
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ə.fəˈna/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /a.faˈnaɾ/
Verb
afanar (first-person singular present afano, past participle afanat)
- (transitive) to pilfer, to steal
- Synonyms: furtar, rampinyar
Conjugation
Conjugation of afanar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | afanar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | afanant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | afanat | afanada | |||||
| plural | afanats | afanades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | afano | afanes | afana | afanem | afaneu | afanen | |
| imperfect | afanava | afanaves | afanava | afanàvem | afanàveu | afanaven | |
| future | afanaré | afanaràs | afanarà | afanarem | afanareu | afanaran | |
| preterite | afaní | afanares | afanà | afanàrem | afanàreu | afanaren | |
| conditional | afanaria | afanaries | afanaria | afanaríem | afanaríeu | afanarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | afani | afanis | afani | afanem | afaneu | afanin | |
| imperfect | afanés | afanessis | afanés | afanéssim | afanéssiu | afanessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | afana | afani | afanem | afaneu | afanin | ||
Derived terms
- afanada
- afanador
- afaneta
Further reading
- “afanar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Portuguese
Etymology
From afã + -ar.
Verb
afanar (first-person singular present afano, first-person singular preterite afanei, past participle afanado)
- to obtain with effort
- Synonym: lograr
- (slang) to steal
- Synonyms: fanar, roubar, furtar
- (reflexive) to become tired
- Synonyms: cansar, fatigar
Conjugation
Conjugation of afanar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | afanar | |||||
| Personal | afanar | afanares | afanar | afanarmos | afanardes | afanarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| afanando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | afanado | afanados | ||||
| Feminine | afanada | afanadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | afano | afanas | afana | afanamos | afanais | afanam |
| Imperfect | afanava | afanavas | afanava | afanávamos | afanáveis | afanavam |
| Preterite | afanei | afanaste | afanou | afanamos1, afanámos2 | afanastes | afanaram |
| Pluperfect | afanara | afanaras | afanara | afanáramos | afanáreis | afanaram |
| Future | afanarei | afanarás | afanará | afanaremos | afanareis | afanarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| afanaria | afanarias | afanaria | afanaríamos | afanaríeis | afanariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | afane | afanes | afane | afanemos | afaneis | afanem |
| Imperfect | afanasse | afanasses | afanasse | afanássemos | afanásseis | afanassem |
| Future | afanar | afanares | afanar | afanarmos | afanardes | afanarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | afana | afane | afanemos | afanai | afanem | |
| Negative (não) | não afanes | não afane | não afanemos | não afaneis | não afanem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Further reading
- “afanar” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
Spanish
Etymology
Unknown. Perhaps from Arabic فَنَاء (fanāʾ), although Vulgar Latin etymologies have also been suggested. Cognate with Italian affannare (“to leave breathless; vex”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /afaˈnaɾ/ [a.faˈnaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: a‧fa‧nar
Verb
afanar (first-person singular present afano, first-person singular preterite afané, past participle afanado)
- (colloquial) to steal, pinch
- Ese taxista me quiso afanar.
- The taxi guy wanted to rip me off.
- Me han afanado el celular.
- My mobile has been stolen.
- to be busy
- (reflexive) to toil, to work hard
- se afanó para conquistar su independencia
- worked hard to obtain its independence
Conjugation
Conjugation of afanar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | afanar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | afanando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | afanado | afanada | |||||
| plural | afanados | afanadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | afano | afanastú afanásvos | afana | afanamos | afanáis | afanan | |
| imperfect | afanaba | afanabas | afanaba | afanábamos | afanabais | afanaban | |
| preterite | afané | afanaste | afanó | afanamos | afanasteis | afanaron | |
| future | afanaré | afanarás | afanará | afanaremos | afanaréis | afanarán | |
| conditional | afanaría | afanarías | afanaría | afanaríamos | afanaríais | afanarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | afane | afanestú afanésvos2 | afane | afanemos | afanéis | afanen | |
| imperfect (ra) | afanara | afanaras | afanara | afanáramos | afanarais | afanaran | |
| imperfect (se) | afanase | afanases | afanase | afanásemos | afanaseis | afanasen | |
| future1 | afanare | afanares | afanare | afanáremos | afanareis | afanaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | afanatú afanávos | afane | afanemos | afanad | afanen | ||
| negative | no afanes | no afane | no afanemos | no afanéis | no afanen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of afanar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive afanar | |||||||
| dative | afanarme | afanarte | afanarle, afanarse | afanarnos | afanaros | afanarles, afanarse | |
| accusative | afanarme | afanarte | afanarlo, afanarla, afanarse | afanarnos | afanaros | afanarlos, afanarlas, afanarse | |
| with gerund afanando | |||||||
| dative | afanándome | afanándote | afanándole, afanándose | afanándonos | afanándoos | afanándoles, afanándose | |
| accusative | afanándome | afanándote | afanándolo, afanándola, afanándose | afanándonos | afanándoos | afanándolos, afanándolas, afanándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative afana | |||||||
| dative | afáname | afánate | afánale | afánanos | not used | afánales | |
| accusative | afáname | afánate | afánalo, afánala | afánanos | not used | afánalos, afánalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative afaná | |||||||
| dative | afaname | afanate | afanale | afananos | not used | afanales | |
| accusative | afaname | afanate | afanalo, afanala | afananos | not used | afanalos, afanalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative afane | |||||||
| dative | afáneme | not used | afánele, afánese | afánenos | not used | afáneles | |
| accusative | afáneme | not used | afánelo, afánela, afánese | afánenos | not used | afánelos, afánelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative afanemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | afanémoste | afanémosle | afanémonos | afanémoos | afanémosles | |
| accusative | not used | afanémoste | afanémoslo, afanémosla | afanémonos | afanémoos | afanémoslos, afanémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative afanad | |||||||
| dative | afanadme | not used | afanadle | afanadnos | afanaos | afanadles | |
| accusative | afanadme | not used | afanadlo, afanadla | afanadnos | afanaos | afanadlos, afanadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative afanen | |||||||
| dative | afánenme | not used | afánenle | afánennos | not used | afánenles, afánense | |
| accusative | afánenme | not used | afánenlo, afánenla | afánennos | not used | afánenlos, afánenlas, afánense | |
Derived terms
- afanador
Related terms
- afán
Further reading
- “afanar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014