efni
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse efni, from Proto-Germanic *abniją. Cognate with Faroese evni, Danish evne, Norwegian Nynorsk emne, Swedish ämne.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɛpnɪ/
- Rhymes: -ɛpnɪ
Noun
efni n (genitive singular efnis, nominative plural efni)
- fabric
- material
- subject, matter
Declension
declension of efni
n-s | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | efni | efnið | efni | efnin |
accusative | efni | efnið | efni | efnin |
dative | efni | efninu | efnum | efnunum |
genitive | efnis | efnisins | efna | efnanna |
Derived terms
Derived terms
- andefni
- efnafræði
- efnaskipti
- efnisyfirlit
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *abniją.
Noun
efni n (genitive efnis)
- stuff, material
- matter of discourse
- matter, affair
- cause, reason
- state, condition, affair
- (plural only) means
Declension
Declension of efni (strong ija-stem)
neuter | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | efni | efnit | efni | efnin |
accusative | efni | efnit | efni | efnin |
dative | efni | efninu | efnum | efnunum |
genitive | efnis | efnisins | efna | efnanna |
Related terms
- efna
Descendants
- Icelandic: efni
- Faroese: evni
- Norn: even
- Norwegian: emne, evne
- → Danish: emne
- Norwegian Bokmål: emne
- → Danish: emne
- Old Swedish: æfni
- Swedish: ämne
- Danish: evne
- Norwegian Bokmål: evne
- Gutnish: ämne
- → Middle English: efne, efene, evene, even
- Scots: evyne, evyn, evin
References
- “efni”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Saxon
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *ebn, from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz. Related to evan.
Adjective
efni (comparative efniro, superlative efnist)
- plain
Declension
Positive forms of efni
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | efni | efnie | efni | efnie | efni | efniu |
accusative | efniana | efnie | efni | efnie | efnia | efniu |
genitive | efnies | efniarō | efnies | efniarō | efniaro | efniarō |
dative | efniumu | efnium | efniumu | efnium | efniaro | efnium |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | efnio | efniu | efnia | efniu | efnia | efniu |
accusative | efniun | efniun | efnia | efniun | efniun | efniun |
genitive | efniun | efnionō | efniun | efnionō | efniun | efnionō |
dative | efniun | efnium | efniun | efnium | efniun | efnium |
Comparative forms of efni (weak only)
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | efniro | efniru | efnira | efniru | efnira | efniru |
accusative | efnirun | efnirun | efnira | efnirun | efnirun | efnirun |
genitive | efnirun | efnironō | efnirun | efnironō | efnirun | efnironō |
dative | efnirun | efnirum | efnirun | efnirum | efnirun | efnirum |
Superlative forms of efni
Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | efnist | efniste | efnist | efniste | efnist | efnistu |
accusative | efnistana | efniste | efnist | efniste | efnista | efnistu |
genitive | efnistes | efnistarō | efnistes | efnistarō | efnistaro | efnistarō |
dative | efnistumu | efnistum | efnistumu | efnistum | efnistaro | efnistum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | efnisto | efnistu | efnista | efnistu | efnista | efnistu |
accusative | efnistun | efnistun | efnista | efnistun | efnistun | efnistun |
genitive | efnistun | efnistonō | efnistun | efnistonō | efnistun | efnistonō |
dative | efnistun | efnistum | efnistun | efnistum | efnistun | efnistum |