effundo
Latin
Etymology
From ex- (“out of”) + fundō (“pour”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /efˈfun.doː/, [ɛfˈfʊn̪d̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /efˈfun.do/, [efˈfun̪d̪o]
Verb
effundō (present infinitive effundere, perfect active effūdī, supine effūsum); third conjugation
- (of liquids) I pour out, shed, spread abroad, drain off.
- Synonyms: confundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, sternō, dissipō
- Eheu! Ego aquam effundo ― Alas! I pour out the water.
- I pour, drive, cast or send out, shower, discharge.
- Synonyms: ēmittō, prōdō, ēdō
- (reflexive or passive) I give myself up to, yield to, indulge in.
- I lavish, squander, expend, waste, run through.
- Synonyms: abutor, perdō, conterō, cōnsūmō, dissipō
- I cast away, give up, let go, dismiss, resign.
- Synonyms: dedō, reddō, decedō, omittō, destituō, cedō
- I relax, loosen, slacken, let go.
- (of soldiers) I am scattered, dispersed
- I unbind, unlink, release
- Synonyms: ēmittō, distrahō, absolvō
Conjugation
| Conjugation of effundō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | effundō | effundis | effundit | effundimus | effunditis | effundunt |
| imperfect | effundēbam | effundēbās | effundēbat | effundēbāmus | effundēbātis | effundēbant | |
| future | effundam | effundēs | effundet | effundēmus | effundētis | effundent | |
| perfect | effūdī | effūdistī | effūdit | effūdimus | effūdistis | effūdērunt, effūdēre | |
| pluperfect | effūderam | effūderās | effūderat | effūderāmus | effūderātis | effūderant | |
| future perfect | effūderō | effūderis | effūderit | effūderimus | effūderitis | effūderint | |
| passive | present | effundor | effunderis, effundere | effunditur | effundimur | effundiminī | effunduntur |
| imperfect | effundēbar | effundēbāris, effundēbāre | effundēbātur | effundēbāmur | effundēbāminī | effundēbantur | |
| future | effundar | effundēris, effundēre | effundētur | effundēmur | effundēminī | effundentur | |
| perfect | effūsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | effūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | effūsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | effundam | effundās | effundat | effundāmus | effundātis | effundant |
| imperfect | effunderem | effunderēs | effunderet | effunderēmus | effunderētis | effunderent | |
| perfect | effūderim | effūderīs | effūderit | effūderīmus | effūderītis | effūderint | |
| pluperfect | effūdissem | effūdissēs | effūdisset | effūdissēmus | effūdissētis | effūdissent | |
| passive | present | effundar | effundāris, effundāre | effundātur | effundāmur | effundāminī | effundantur |
| imperfect | effunderer | effunderēris, effunderēre | effunderētur | effunderēmur | effunderēminī | effunderentur | |
| perfect | effūsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | effūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | effunde | — | — | effundite | — |
| future | — | effunditō | effunditō | — | effunditōte | effunduntō | |
| passive | present | — | effundere | — | — | effundiminī | — |
| future | — | effunditor | effunditor | — | — | effunduntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | effundere | effūdisse | effūsūrum esse | effundī | effūsum esse | effūsum īrī | |
| participles | effundēns | — | effūsūrus | — | effūsus | effundendus, effundundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| effundendī | effundendō | effundendum | effundendō | effūsum | effūsū | ||
Derived terms
- effūsē
- effūsiō
- effūsor
- effūsus
Related terms
- cōnfundō
- fundō
Descendants
- → English: effuse
- → Italian: effondere
- → Portuguese: efundir
- → Spanish: efundir
References
- “effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- effundo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2023) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- effundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen super ripas effunditur
- to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
- to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
- to shed one's blood for one's fatherland: sanguinem suum pro patria effundere or profundere
- to find relief in tears: dolorem in lacrimas effundere
- to vent one's anger, spite on some one: virus acerbitatis suae effundere in aliquem (De Amic. 23. 87)
- to vent one's anger, spite on some one: iram in aliquem effundere
- to plunge into excesses, a career of excess: in luxuriam effundi
- to squander one's money, one's patrimony: effundere, profundere pecuniam, patrimonium
- the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen super ripas effunditur