earm
Old English
Alternative forms
- arm – Anglian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /æ͜ɑrm/, [æ͜ɑrˠm]
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mos (“joint”).
Cognate with Old Frisian arm, Old Saxon arm, Dutch arm, Old High German arm (German Arm), Old Norse armr (Swedish arm), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (arms). The Proto-Indo-European root is also the source of Old Church Slavonic рамо (ramo) (Bulgarian ра́мо (rámo, “shoulder”)), Latin armus.
Noun
earm m
- arm
Declension
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | earm | earmas |
accusative | earm | earmas |
genitive | earmes | earma |
dative | earme | earmum |
Descendants
- Middle English: arm
- English: arm
- Scots: airm
- Yola: arrm
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *armaz, further etymology uncertain.
Cognate with Old Frisian erm, Old Saxon arm, Dutch arm, Old High German arm (German arm), Old Norse armr (Danish and Swedish arm), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (arms).
Adjective
earm
- poor, miserable
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | earm | earm | earm |
Accusative | earmne | earme | earm |
Genitive | earmes | earmre | earmes |
Dative | earmum | earmre | earmum |
Instrumental | earme | earmre | earme |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | earme | earma, earme | earm |
Accusative | earme | earma, earme | earm |
Genitive | earmra | earmra | earmra |
Dative | earmum | earmum | earmum |
Instrumental | earmum | earmum | earmum |
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | earma | earme | earme |
Accusative | earman | earman | earme |
Genitive | earman | earman | earman |
Dative | earman | earman | earman |
Instrumental | earman | earman | earman |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | earman | earman | earman |
Accusative | earman | earman | earman |
Genitive | earmra, earmena | earmra, earmena | earmra, earmena |
Dative | earmum | earmum | earmum |
Instrumental | earmum | earmum | earmum |
Derived terms
- earmcearig
Descendants
- Middle English: arm
- Scots: arm
West Frisian
Etymology 1
From Old Frisian erm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ermos, *h₂ŕ̥mos.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /jɛrm/, /ɪə̯rm/
Noun
earm c (plural earms or earmen, diminutive earmke)
- arm
Derived terms
- earmtakke
Further reading
- “earm (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Etymology 2
From Old Frisian *arm, erm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm, from Proto-Germanic *armaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erm.
Adjective
earm
- poor
Inflection
Inflection of earm | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | earm | |||
inflected | earme | |||
comparative | earmer | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | earm | earmer | it earmst it earmste | |
indefinite | c. sing. | earme | earmere | earmste |
n. sing. | earm | earmer | earmste | |
plural | earme | earmere | earmste | |
definite | earme | earmere | earmste | |
partitive | earms | earmers | — |
Further reading
- “earm (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011