déniveler
French
Etymology
dé- + niveler
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /de.ni.vle/
Audio (file) - Homophones: dénivelai, dénivelé, dénivelée, dénivelées, dénivelés, dénivelez
Verb
déniveler
- (transitive) to make uneven
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il dénivèle rather than *il dénivele. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
Conjugation of déniveler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | déniveler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | dénivelant /de.ni.vlɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | dénivelé /de.ni.vle/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | dénivèle /de.ni.vɛl/ | dénivèles /de.ni.vɛl/ | dénivèle /de.ni.vɛl/ | dénivelons /de.ni.vlɔ̃/ | dénivelez /de.ni.vle/ | dénivèlent /de.ni.vɛl/ |
| imperfect | dénivelais /de.ni.vlɛ/ | dénivelais /de.ni.vlɛ/ | dénivelait /de.ni.vlɛ/ | dénivelions /de.ni.və.ljɔ̃/ | déniveliez /de.ni.və.lje/ | dénivelaient /de.ni.vlɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | dénivelai /de.ni.vle/ | dénivelas /de.ni.vla/ | dénivela /de.ni.vla/ | dénivelâmes /de.ni.vlam/ | dénivelâtes /de.ni.vlat/ | dénivelèrent /de.ni.vlɛʁ/ | |
| future | dénivèlerai /de.ni.vɛl.ʁe/ | dénivèleras /de.ni.vɛl.ʁa/ | dénivèlera /de.ni.vɛl.ʁa/ | dénivèlerons /de.ni.vɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | dénivèlerez /de.ni.vɛl.ʁe/ | dénivèleront /de.ni.vɛl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | dénivèlerais /de.ni.vɛl.ʁɛ/ | dénivèlerais /de.ni.vɛl.ʁɛ/ | dénivèlerait /de.ni.vɛl.ʁɛ/ | dénivèlerions /de.ni.vɛ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /de.ni.ve.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ | dénivèleriez /de.ni.vɛ.lə.ʁje/ or /de.ni.ve.lə.ʁje/ | dénivèleraient /de.ni.vɛl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | dénivèle /de.ni.vɛl/ | dénivèles /de.ni.vɛl/ | dénivèle /de.ni.vɛl/ | dénivelions /de.ni.və.ljɔ̃/ | déniveliez /de.ni.və.lje/ | dénivèlent /de.ni.vɛl/ |
| imperfect2 | dénivelasse /de.ni.vlas/ | dénivelasses /de.ni.vlas/ | dénivelât /de.ni.vla/ | dénivelassions /de.ni.vla.sjɔ̃/ | dénivelassiez /de.ni.vla.sje/ | dénivelassent /de.ni.vlas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | dénivèle /de.ni.vɛl/ | — | dénivelons /de.ni.vlɔ̃/ | dénivelez /de.ni.vle/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “déniveler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.