déag
See also: deag
Irish
Etymology
From Middle Irish déc, from Old Irish deec, deac, from Proto-Celtic *dekam-kʷe (literally “and ten”), with loss of the first k by dissimilation.[1] Cognate with Scottish Gaelic deug and Manx jeig.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dʲeːɡ/
Numeral
déag
- -teen
Usage notes
- Does not function as a suffix; functions as an entirely separate word. Follows the first part of the numeral as well as the noun (if any). Lenites in disjunctive numbers after dó (“two”) and in attributive numerals when the item counted is in the singular and ends in a vowel or is in the plural and ends in a slender consonant (except cinn):
- ocht (“eight”) + déag → ocht déag (“eighteen”)
- aon bhuachaill déag ― eleven boys
- trí cinn déag ― thirteen (items)
- ceithre úll déag ― fourteen apples
- cúigear déag ― fifteen (people)
- sé bhád déag ― sixteen boats
- seacht dteach déag ― seventeen houses
- naoi mbliana déag ― nineteen years
- But:
- dó (“two”) + déag → dó dhéag (“twelve”)
- dhá ghiota dhéag ― twelve pieces
- trí mhadra dhéag ― thirteen dogs
- ceithre méadair dhéag ― fourteen metres
- Additionally, never lenites in ordinal numbers:
- an t-aonú lá déag ― the eleventh day
- an ceathrú duine déag ― the fourteenth person
- an tseachtú mí déag ― the seventeenth month
Derived terms
- aon déag
- dháréag
- dó dhéag
- trí déag
- ceathair déag
- cúig déag
- sé déag
- seacht déag
- ocht déag
- naoi déag
- déagóir
Related terms
- deich (“ten”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
déag | dhéag | ndéag |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Schrijver, Peter (1993), “Varia IV. OIr. dëec, dëac”, in Ériu, volume 44, pages 181–84
Further reading
- “déag”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “deec”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 80.
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “déag”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN