dur

See also: Dur, DUR, dúr, dùr, dûr, dür, Dür, and дур

English

Etymology

German Dur, from Latin dūrus (“hard, firm, vigorous”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duːɹ/

Adjective

dur (not comparable)

(music, obsolete) Major; in the major mode.
C dur

Anagrams

RUD, Rud, Urd, rud, urd

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ‎ (dūr).

Adjective

Other scripts
Cyrillic		дур
Perso-Arabic		دور‎

dur (comparative daha dur, superlative ən dur)

(Classical Azerbaijani) far

Catalan

Pronunciation

(Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ˈdu/

(Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈduɾ/
Rhymes: -uɾ

Etymology 1

From Latin dūrus

Adjective

dur (feminine dura, masculine plural durs, feminine plural dures)

hard (resistant to pressure)
Antonym: tou
difficult
Synonym: difícil
Antonym: fàcil

Derived terms

aigua dura
anar dur
cap dur
disc dur
durament
durbec
duròmetre
endurir
ou dur
pell dura

Related terms

duresa
durícia

Etymology 2

From Latin dūcere, present active infinitive of dūcō, from Proto-Italic *doukō, from Proto-Indo-European *déwketi, from the root *dewk-.

Verb

dur (first-person singular present duc, past participle dut)

(transitive) to carry
Synonym: portar
(transitive) to bring
Synonym: portar

Conjugation

Conjugation of dur (second conjugation, vowel stem with imperfect -ia)

person		singular			plural
infinitive			dur
present participle			duent
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		dut		duta
		plural		duts		dutes
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	duc	duus	duu	duem	dueu	duen
	imperfect	duia	duies	duia	dúiem	dúieu	duien
	future	duré	duràs	durà	durem	dureu	duran
	preterite	duguí	dugueres	dugué	duguérem	duguéreu	dugueren
	conditional	duria	duries	duria	duríem	duríeu	durien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	dugui	duguis	dugui	duguem	dugueu	duguin
	imperfect	dugués	duguessis	dugués	duguéssim	duguéssiu	duguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
imperative		—	duu	dugui	duguem	dueu	duguin

Derived terms

dur a terme

Related terms

abduir
conduir
deduir
duta
eduir
induir
introduir
produir
reduir
seduir
subduir
traduir

Czech

Etymology

From German Dur.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈdur]
Hyphenation: dur

Noun

dur n

(music) major

Declension

Declension of dur

	singular	plural
nominative	dur	dur
genitive	dur	dur
dative	dur	dur
accusative	dur	dur
vocative	dur	dur
locative	dur	dur
instrumental	dur	dur

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

duor

Etymology

From Latin dāre, present active infinitive of dō.

Verb

dur (first-person singular present da, past participle dut)

to give

Danish

Noun

dur

(music) major

Antonyms

mol

French

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin dūrus, from Proto-Indo-European *deru-, *drew- (“hard, fast”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dyʁ/
audio (file)
Rhymes: -yʁ

Adjective

dur (feminine dure, masculine plural durs, feminine plural dures)

hard, tough (difficult to penetrate)
hard (not soft)
hard, tough (not easy, difficult)
harsh (e.g. harsh conditions)
(art) harsh (of a penstroke)

Derived terms

à la dure
avoir la peau dure
avoir la vie dure
c'est quand le jeu devient dur que les durs commencent à jouer
croire dur comme fer
disque dur
drogue dure
dur à cuire
dur de la feuille
dur d'oreille
durement
dur en affaires
dureté
eau dure
en dur
palais dur
pur et dur
science dure
signe dur

Adverb

dur

hard
travailler dur ― to work hard

Noun

dur m (plural durs)

firmness, solidity

Noun

dur m (plural durs, feminine dure)

hard case (tough person)

Anagrams

dru

Interlingua

Adjective

dur (comparative plus dur, superlative le plus dur)

hard, not soft[1]

References

Sexton, B. C. (2019) English-Interlingua: A Basic Vocabulary‎, Union Mundial pro Interlingua, →ISBN, retrieved 2020-11-20

Kalasha

Noun

dur (Arabic دوُر‎)

house
Synonyms: abadi, khatumán, ku, kuš

Latvian

Verb

dur

2nd person singular present indicative form of durt
3rd person singular present indicative form of durt
3rd person plural present indicative form of durt
2nd person singular imperative form of durt
(with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of durt
(with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of durt

Lombard

Alternative forms

dür (Modern orthography)

Etymology

From Latin dūrus, from Proto-Italic *dūros, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s (“long”), from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), Sanskrit दूर (dūrá, “distant, far, long”).

Pronunciation

(Milan) IPA^(key): /dyːr/

Adjective

dur m (feminine singular dura, masculine and feminine plural dur) (Classical Milanese orthography)

hard
tough, harsh
(of food) stringy

References

Francesco Cherubini, Vocabolario milanese-italiano, Volume 2, 1843, p. 58

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin dūrus, from Proto-Indo-European *deru-, *drew- (“hard, fast”). Attested from the 12th century.[1]

Pronunciation

Audio (file)

Adjective

dur m (feminine singular dura, masculine plural durs, feminine plural duras)

hard (resistant to pressure)
difficult

Derived terms

durament

Related terms

duretat

References

Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2016, page 211.

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dur/
Audio (file)
Rhymes: -ur
Syllabification: dur

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *durь.

Noun

dur m inan

(pathology) One of several bacterial diseases:
dur brzuszny ― typhoid fever
dur plamisty ― epidemic typhus
dur powrotny ― relapsing fever
dur rzekomy ― paratyphoid fever

Declension

Declension of dur

	singular
nominative	dur
genitive	duru
dative	durowi
accusative	dur
instrumental	durem
locative	durze
vocative	durze

Related terms

adjective

durny

noun

dureń

verb

durzyć impf

Etymology 2

From Latin dūrus.

Noun

dur m inan (indeclinable)

(music) major (scale)

Derived terms

durowy

Romani

Etymology

From Sanskrit दूर (dūrá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *duHrás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *duHrás, from Proto-Indo-European *duh₂-ró-s, from *dweh₂- (“far, long”). Cognate with Hindi दूर (dūr), Kamkata-viri bādūř, Persian ‎ (dūr).

Adverb

dur

far

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French dur, Latin dūrus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dur/

Adjective

dur m or n (feminine singular dură, masculine plural duri, feminine and neuter plural dure)

hard, tough
rough, harsh, severe

Declension

Declension of dur

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative/ accusative	indefinite	dur		dură	duri	dure
nominative/ accusative	definite	durul		dura	durii	durele
genitive/ dative	indefinite	dur		dure	duri	dure
genitive/ dative	definite	durului		durei	durilor	durelor

Synonyms

(hard): tare
(harsh, severe): aspru, sever

Related terms

duritate

Slovak

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [dur]

Noun

dur m (genitive singular duru, nominative plural dury, genitive plural durov, declension pattern of dub)

(music) major scale

Declension

Declension of dur

	singular	plural
nominative	dur	dury
genitive	duru	durov
dative	duru	durom
accusative	dur	dury
locative	dure	duroch
instrumental	durom	durmi

References

dur in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

Sursurunga

Adjective

dur

dirty

Swedish

Pronunciation

Rhymes: -ʉːr

Noun

dur c

(music) major scale

Related terms

durackord
durskala
durton
durtonard

References

dur in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)

Turkish

Turkish stop sign

Verb

dur

second-person singular imperative of durmak

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh dur, from Proto-Brythonic *dʉr, from Latin dūrus (“hard”).[1]

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /dɨːr/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /diːr/
Rhymes: -ɨːr
Homophone: dir (South Wales)

Noun

dur m (uncountable)

steel

Adjective

dur (feminine singular dur, plural dur, not comparable)

(made of) steel
(figurative) steely, hard, cruel

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
dur	ddur	nur	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dur”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Westrobothnian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dʉːr/
Rhymes: -ʉ́ːr

Etymology 1

From Old Norse dúr m.

Noun

dur m

Short slumber.

Synonyms

dål m

Related terms

duur

Etymology 2

Compare Irish dobhar, Welsh dŵr (“water,”) Old Norse úr (“drizzle.”)

Noun

dur n

Fog.

Synonyms

duru f

[1] Sexton, B. C. (2019) English-Interlingua: A Basic Vocabulary‎, Union Mundial pro Interlingua, →ISBN, retrieved 2020-11-20

[2] Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2016, page 211.

[3] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dur”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

dur

English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

See also

Further reading

Anagrams

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Adjective

Further reading

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Dalmatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Verb

Danish

Noun

Antonyms

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Adverb

Noun

Noun

Further reading

Anagrams

Interlingua

Adjective

References

Kalasha

Noun

Latvian

Verb

Lombard

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

References

Occitan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Polish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Further reading

Romani

Etymology

Adverb

Romanian