dunken
See also: dünken
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdʏŋkə(n)/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: dun‧ken
- Rhymes: -ʏŋkən
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch dunken, from Old Dutch thunken, from Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną.
Verb
dunken
- (impersonal) to think, to consider
- (copulative) to seem
Usage notes
Dunken is one of a few Dutch verbs where the object is the one having an opinion about something, and the subject is the thing it concerns. For example, het dunkt mij goed means 'I think/consider it good'. For this reason it is generally used impersonally.
Inflection
The past tense forms are archaic and rarely used.
| Inflection of dunken (weak with past in -cht) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | dunken | |||
| past singular | docht | |||
| past participle | gedocht | |||
| infinitive | dunken | |||
| gerund | dunken n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | dunk | docht | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | dunkt | docht | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | dunkt | docht | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | dunkt | docht | ||
| 3rd person singular | dunkt | docht | ||
| plural | dunken | dochten | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | dunke | dochte | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | dunken | dochten | ||
| imperative sing. | dunk | |||
| imperative plur.1 | dunkt | |||
| participles | dunkend | gedocht | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Derived terms
- bedunken
- dunk
- goeddunken
Etymology 2
Borrowed from English dunk.
Verb
dunken
- (transitive, basketball) to dunk
Inflection
| Inflection of dunken (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | dunken | |||
| past singular | dunkte | |||
| past participle | gedunkt | |||
| infinitive | dunken | |||
| gerund | dunken n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | dunk | dunkte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | dunkt | dunkte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | dunkt | dunkte | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | dunkt | dunkte | ||
| 3rd person singular | dunkt | dunkte | ||
| plural | dunken | dunkten | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | dunke | dunkte | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | dunken | dunkten | ||
| imperative sing. | dunk | |||
| imperative plur.1 | dunkt | |||
| participles | dunkend | gedunkt | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch thunken, from Proto-Germanic *þunkijaną.
Verb
dunken
- to deem, to judge
- to seem
Inflection
| Weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | dunken | |
| 3rd sg. past | — | |
| 3rd pl. past | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Infinitive | dunken | |
| In genitive | dunkens | |
| In dative | dunkene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | dunke | — |
| 2nd singular | duncs, dunkes | — |
| 3rd singular | dunct, dunket | — |
| 1st plural | dunken | — |
| 2nd plural | dunct, dunket | — |
| 3rd plural | dunken | — |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | dunke | — |
| 2nd singular | duncs, dunkes | — |
| 3rd singular | dunke | — |
| 1st plural | dunken | — |
| 2nd plural | dunct, dunket | — |
| 3rd plural | dunken | — |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | dunc, dunke | |
| Plural | dunct, dunket | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | dunkende | — |
Alternative forms
- dinken (Flemish)
- donken
Descendants
- Dutch: dunken
- Limburgish: dönke
Further reading
- “dunken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “dunken (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
dunken m
- singular definite of dunk