duna
See also: Duna, dună, dúna, Dúna, Düna, and ďünă
Bima
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuna, from Proto-Austronesian *tuNa.
Noun
duna
- a kind of large eel
Catalan
Etymology
From French dune, from Middle Dutch dūne.
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /ˈdu.nə/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /ˈdu.na/
Noun
duna f (plural dunes)
- dune
Derived terms
- dunar
Further reading
- “duna” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “duna”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “duna” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “duna” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /duna/
Noun
duna f
- dune
Declension
Declension of duna
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | duna | duny |
| genitive | duny | dun |
| dative | duně | dunám |
| accusative | dunu | duny |
| vocative | duno | duny |
| locative | duně | dunách |
| instrumental | dunou | dunami |
Synonyms
- písečná duna f
Anagrams
- danu
- Danu
- nuda
Fijian
Etymology
From Proto-Central Pacific *tuna, from Proto-Oceanic *tuna, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuna, from Proto-Austronesian *tuNa.
Noun
duna
- eel
Galician
Noun
duna f (plural dunas)
- dune
Further reading
- “duna” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
Garifuna
Etymology
A loanword from Galibi Carib tuna (“water”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈduna/
Noun
duna
- water
Inflection
Possessives of duna
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| first | nidunari | wadunari | |
| second | bidunari | hidunari | |
| third | masculine | feminine | hadunari |
| lidunari | tidunari | ||
Derived terms
- dunagei
References
- Geneviève Escure, Armin Schwegler, Creoles, Contact, and Language Change (2004), →ISBN, page 46
Hausa
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dúː.nàː/
- (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [dúː.nàː]
Noun
dūnā̀ m (possessed form dūnàn)
- very black person or thing
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse duna.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʏːna/
- Rhymes: -ʏːna
Noun
duna f (genitive singular dunu, nominative plural dunur)
- boom
- Synonyms: gnýr, druna, dynur, glymur
Declension
declension of duna
| f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | duna | dunan | dunur | dunurnar |
| accusative | dunu | dununa | dunur | dunurnar |
| dative | dunu | dununni | dunum | dununum |
| genitive | dunu | dununnar | duna | dunanna |
Verb
duna (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative dunaði, supine dunað)
- (intransitive) to boom
- Synonyms: dynja, drynja, glymja
Conjugation
duna — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að duna | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | dunað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | dunandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég duna | við dunum | present (nútíð) | ég duni | við dunum |
| þú dunar | þið dunið | þú dunir | þið dunið | ||
| hann, hún, það dunar | þeir, þær, þau duna | hann, hún, það duni | þeir, þær, þau duni | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég dunaði | við dunuðum | past (þátíð) | ég dunaði | við dunuðum |
| þú dunaðir | þið dunuðuð | þú dunaðir | þið dunuðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það dunaði | þeir, þær, þau dunuðu | hann, hún, það dunaði | þeir, þær, þau dunuðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | duna (þú) | dunið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| dunaðu | duniði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
dunast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) | að dunast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) | dunast | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) | dunandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) | subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) | ég dunast | við dunumst | present (nútíð) | ég dunist | við dunumst |
| þú dunast | þið dunist | þú dunist | þið dunist | ||
| hann, hún, það dunast | þeir, þær, þau dunast | hann, hún, það dunist | þeir, þær, þau dunist | ||
| past (þátíð) | ég dunaðist | við dunuðumst | past (þátíð) | ég dunaðist | við dunuðumst |
| þú dunaðist | þið dunuðust | þú dunaðist | þið dunuðust | ||
| hann, hún, það dunaðist | þeir, þær, þau dunuðust | hann, hún, það dunaðist | þeir, þær, þau dunuðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) | dunast (þú) | dunist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| dunastu | dunisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
dunaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | dunaður | dunuð | dunað | dunaðir | dunaðar | dunuð | |
| accusative (þolfall) | dunaðan | dunaða | dunað | dunaða | dunaðar | dunuð | |
| dative (þágufall) | dunuðum | dunaðri | dunuðu | dunuðum | dunuðum | dunuðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | dunaðs | dunaðrar | dunaðs | dunaðra | dunaðra | dunaðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) | singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | masculine (karlkyn) | feminine (kvenkyn) | neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) | dunaði | dunaða | dunaða | dunuðu | dunuðu | dunuðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) | dunaða | dunuðu | dunaða | dunuðu | dunuðu | dunuðu | |
| dative (þágufall) | dunaða | dunuðu | dunaða | dunuðu | dunuðu | dunuðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) | dunaða | dunuðu | dunaða | dunuðu | dunuðu | dunuðu | |
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle Dutch dūne, likely from Gaulish dunum (“fort”), from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“stronghold”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuHnom (“enclosure”), derived from the root *dʰewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdu.na/
- Rhymes: -una
- Hyphenation: dù‧na
Noun
duna f (plural dune)
- dune
Further reading
- duna in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams
- nuda
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
- dunen m, dunet n
Noun
duna m or f or n
- definite feminine singular of dun
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
- dunet
Noun
duna f or n
- definite feminine singular of dun
Old Norse
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
duna
- (impersonal) to boom, roar
- Skrýmir hrýtr ok sefr svá fast at dunar í skóginum.
- Skrymir snores and sleeps so that it booms in the forest.
Conjugation
Conjugation of duna — impersonal, active (weak class 2)
| infinitive | duna | |
|---|---|---|
| past participle | dunaðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 3rd-person singular | dunar | dunaði |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 3rd-person singular | duni | dunaði |
Noun
duna f (genitive dunu)
- a rushing, thundering noise
Declension
Declension of duna (weak ōn-stem)
| feminine | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | duna | dunan | dunur | dunurnar |
| accusative | dunu | dununa | dunur | dunurnar |
| dative | dunu | dununni | dunum | dununum |
| genitive | dunu | dununnar | duna | dunanna |
References
- “duna”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Papiamentu
Etymology
From Spanish donar.
Verb
duna
- to give
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from French dune,[1][2] from Old French dune, from Middle Dutch dūne, from Gaulish dunon.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈdũ.nɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈdu.na/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈdu.nɐ/
- Hyphenation: du‧na
Noun
duna f (plural dunas)
- (geomorphology) dune (ridge or hill of sand piled up by the wind)
References
- “duna” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- “duna” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Etymology
From Dutch duin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈduna/ [ˈd̪u.na]
- Rhymes: -una
- Syllabification: du‧na
Noun
duna f (plural dunas)
- dune
Further reading
- “duna”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Zulu
Verb
-duna?
- to hijack, to kidnap
Inflection
| Tone unknown | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | ukuduna | ||||||||
| Positive | Negative | ||||||||
| Infinitive | ukuduna | ukungaduni | |||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
| Singular | duna | -dune | |||||||
| Plural | dunani | -duneni | |||||||
| Present | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngiyaduna, ngiduna | engidunayo, engiduna | ngiduna | angiduni | engingaduni | ngingaduni | |||
| 2nd singular | uyaduna, uduna | odunayo, oduna | uduna | awuduni | ongaduni | ungaduni | |||
| 1st plural | siyaduna, siduna | esidunayo, esiduna | siduna | asiduni | esingaduni | singaduni | |||
| 2nd plural | niyaduna, niduna | enidunayo, eniduna | niduna | aniduni | eningaduni | ningaduni | |||
| Class 1 | uyaduna, uduna | odunayo, oduna | eduna | akaduni | ongaduni | engaduni | |||
| Class 2 | bayaduna, baduna | abadunayo, abaduna | beduna | abaduni | abangaduni | bengaduni | |||
| Class 3 | uyaduna, uduna | odunayo, oduna | uduna | awuduni | ongaduni | ungaduni | |||
| Class 4 | iyaduna, iduna | edunayo, eduna | iduna | ayiduni | engaduni | ingaduni | |||
| Class 5 | liyaduna, liduna | elidunayo, eliduna | liduna | aliduni | elingaduni | lingaduni | |||
| Class 6 | ayaduna, aduna | adunayo, aduna | eduna | awaduni | angaduni | engaduni | |||
| Class 7 | siyaduna, siduna | esidunayo, esiduna | siduna | asiduni | esingaduni | singaduni | |||
| Class 8 | ziyaduna, ziduna | ezidunayo, eziduna | ziduna | aziduni | ezingaduni | zingaduni | |||
| Class 9 | iyaduna, iduna | edunayo, eduna | iduna | ayiduni | engaduni | ingaduni | |||
| Class 10 | ziyaduna, ziduna | ezidunayo, eziduna | ziduna | aziduni | ezingaduni | zingaduni | |||
| Class 11 | luyaduna, luduna | oludunayo, oluduna | luduna | aluduni | olungaduni | lungaduni | |||
| Class 14 | buyaduna, buduna | obudunayo, obuduna | buduna | abuduni | obungaduni | bungaduni | |||
| Class 15 | kuyaduna, kuduna | okudunayo, okuduna | kuduna | akuduni | okungaduni | kungaduni | |||
| Class 17 | kuyaduna, kuduna | okudunayo, okuduna | kuduna | akuduni | okungaduni | kungaduni | |||
| Recent past | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngidunile, ngidunē | engidunile, engidunē | ngidunile, ngidunē | angidunanga | engingadunanga | ngingadunanga | |||
| 2nd singular | udunile, udunē | odunile, odunē | udunile, udunē | awudunanga | ongadunanga | ungadunanga | |||
| 1st plural | sidunile, sidunē | esidunile, esidunē | sidunile, sidunē | asidunanga | esingadunanga | singadunanga | |||
| 2nd plural | nidunile, nidunē | enidunile, enidunē | nidunile, nidunē | anidunanga | eningadunanga | ningadunanga | |||
| Class 1 | udunile, udunē | odunile, odunē | edunile, edunē | akadunanga | ongadunanga | engadunanga | |||
| Class 2 | badunile, badunē | abadunile, abadunē | bedunile, bedunē | abadunanga | abangadunanga | bengadunanga | |||
| Class 3 | udunile, udunē | odunile, odunē | udunile, udunē | awudunanga | ongadunanga | ungadunanga | |||
| Class 4 | idunile, idunē | edunile, edunē | idunile, idunē | ayidunanga | engadunanga | ingadunanga | |||
| Class 5 | lidunile, lidunē | elidunile, elidunē | lidunile, lidunē | alidunanga | elingadunanga | lingadunanga | |||
| Class 6 | adunile, adunē | adunile, adunē | edunile, edunē | awadunanga | angadunanga | engadunanga | |||
| Class 7 | sidunile, sidunē | esidunile, esidunē | sidunile, sidunē | asidunanga | esingadunanga | singadunanga | |||
| Class 8 | zidunile, zidunē | ezidunile, ezidunē | zidunile, zidunē | azidunanga | ezingadunanga | zingadunanga | |||
| Class 9 | idunile, idunē | edunile, edunē | idunile, idunē | ayidunanga | engadunanga | ingadunanga | |||
| Class 10 | zidunile, zidunē | ezidunile, ezidunē | zidunile, zidunē | azidunanga | ezingadunanga | zingadunanga | |||
| Class 11 | ludunile, ludunē | oludunile, oludunē | ludunile, ludunē | aludunanga | olungadunanga | lungadunanga | |||
| Class 14 | budunile, budunē | obudunile, obudunē | budunile, budunē | abudunanga | obungadunanga | bungadunanga | |||
| Class 15 | kudunile, kudunē | okudunile, okudunē | kudunile, kudunē | akudunanga | okungadunanga | kungadunanga | |||
| Class 17 | kudunile, kudunē | okudunile, okudunē | kudunile, kudunē | akudunanga | okungadunanga | kungadunanga | |||
| Remote past | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngāduna | engāduna | ngāduna | angidunanga | engingadunanga | ngingadunanga | |||
| 2nd singular | wāduna | owāduna | wāduna | awudunanga | ongadunanga | ungadunanga | |||
| 1st plural | sāduna | esāduna | sāduna | asidunanga | esingadunanga | singadunanga | |||
| 2nd plural | nāduna | enāduna | nāduna | anidunanga | eningadunanga | ningadunanga | |||
| Class 1 | wāduna | owāduna | āduna | akadunanga | ongadunanga | engadunanga | |||
| Class 2 | bāduna | abāduna | bāduna | abadunanga | abangadunanga | bengadunanga | |||
| Class 3 | wāduna | owāduna | wāduna | awudunanga | ongadunanga | ungadunanga | |||
| Class 4 | yāduna | eyāduna | yāduna | ayidunanga | engadunanga | ingadunanga | |||
| Class 5 | lāduna | elāduna | lāduna | alidunanga | elingadunanga | lingadunanga | |||
| Class 6 | āduna | āduna | āduna | awadunanga | angadunanga | engadunanga | |||
| Class 7 | sāduna | esāduna | sāduna | asidunanga | esingadunanga | singadunanga | |||
| Class 8 | zāduna | ezāduna | zāduna | azidunanga | ezingadunanga | zingadunanga | |||
| Class 9 | yāduna | eyāduna | yāduna | ayidunanga | engadunanga | ingadunanga | |||
| Class 10 | zāduna | ezāduna | zāduna | azidunanga | ezingadunanga | zingadunanga | |||
| Class 11 | lwāduna | olwāduna | lwāduna | aludunanga | olungadunanga | lungadunanga | |||
| Class 14 | bāduna | obāduna | bāduna | abudunanga | obungadunanga | bungadunanga | |||
| Class 15 | kwāduna | okwāduna | kwāduna | akudunanga | okungadunanga | kungadunanga | |||
| Class 17 | kwāduna | okwāduna | kwāduna | akudunanga | okungadunanga | kungadunanga | |||
| Potential | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngingaduna | — | ngingaduna | ngingedune | — | ngingedune | |||
| 2nd singular | ungaduna | — | ungaduna | ungedune | — | ungedune | |||
| 1st plural | singaduna | — | singaduna | singedune | — | singedune | |||
| 2nd plural | ningaduna | — | ningaduna | ningedune | — | ningedune | |||
| Class 1 | angaduna | — | engaduna | angedune | — | engedune | |||
| Class 2 | bangaduna | — | bengaduna | bangedune | — | bengedune | |||
| Class 3 | ungaduna | — | ungaduna | ungedune | — | ungedune | |||
| Class 4 | ingaduna | — | ingaduna | ingedune | — | ingedune | |||
| Class 5 | lingaduna | — | lingaduna | lingedune | — | lingedune | |||
| Class 6 | angaduna | — | engaduna | angedune | — | engedune | |||
| Class 7 | singaduna | — | singaduna | singedune | — | singedune | |||
| Class 8 | zingaduna | — | zingaduna | zingedune | — | zingedune | |||
| Class 9 | ingaduna | — | ingaduna | ingedune | — | ingedune | |||
| Class 10 | zingaduna | — | zingaduna | zingedune | — | zingedune | |||
| Class 11 | lungaduna | — | lungaduna | lungedune | — | lungedune | |||
| Class 14 | bungaduna | — | bungaduna | bungedune | — | bungedune | |||
| Class 15 | kungaduna | — | kungaduna | kungedune | — | kungedune | |||
| Class 17 | kungaduna | — | kungaduna | kungedune | — | kungedune | |||
| Immediate future | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngizoduna | engizoduna | ngizoduna | angizuduna | engingezuduna | ngingezuduna | |||
| 2nd singular | uzoduna | ozoduna | uzoduna | awuzuduna | ongezuduna | ungezuduna | |||
| 1st plural | sizoduna | esizoduna | sizoduna | asizuduna | esingezuduna | singezuduna | |||
| 2nd plural | nizoduna | enizoduna | nizoduna | anizuduna | eningezuduna | ningezuduna | |||
| Class 1 | uzoduna | ozoduna | ezoduna | akazuduna | ongezuduna | engezuduna | |||
| Class 2 | bazoduna | abazoduna | bezoduna | abazuduna | abangezuduna | bengezuduna | |||
| Class 3 | uzoduna | ozoduna | uzoduna | awuzuduna | ongezuduna | ungezuduna | |||
| Class 4 | izoduna | ezoduna | izoduna | ayizuduna | engezuduna | ingezuduna | |||
| Class 5 | lizoduna | elizoduna | lizoduna | alizuduna | elingezuduna | lingezuduna | |||
| Class 6 | azoduna | azoduna | ezoduna | awazuduna | angezuduna | engezuduna | |||
| Class 7 | sizoduna | esizoduna | sizoduna | asizuduna | esingezuduna | singezuduna | |||
| Class 8 | zizoduna | ezizoduna | zizoduna | azizuduna | ezingezuduna | zingezuduna | |||
| Class 9 | izoduna | ezoduna | izoduna | ayizuduna | engezuduna | ingezuduna | |||
| Class 10 | zizoduna | ezizoduna | zizoduna | azizuduna | ezingezuduna | zingezuduna | |||
| Class 11 | luzoduna | oluzoduna | luzoduna | aluzuduna | olungezuduna | lungezuduna | |||
| Class 14 | buzoduna | obuzoduna | buzoduna | abuzuduna | obungezuduna | bungezuduna | |||
| Class 15 | kuzoduna | okuzoduna | kuzoduna | akuzuduna | okungezuduna | kungezuduna | |||
| Class 17 | kuzoduna | okuzoduna | kuzoduna | akuzuduna | okungezuduna | kungezuduna | |||
| Remote future | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngiyoduna | engiyoduna | ngiyoduna | angiyuduna | engingeyuduna | ngingeyuduna | |||
| 2nd singular | uyoduna | oyoduna | uyoduna | awuyuduna | ongeyuduna | ungeyuduna | |||
| 1st plural | siyoduna | esiyoduna | siyoduna | asiyuduna | esingeyuduna | singeyuduna | |||
| 2nd plural | niyoduna | eniyoduna | niyoduna | aniyuduna | eningeyuduna | ningeyuduna | |||
| Class 1 | uyoduna | oyoduna | eyoduna | akayuduna | ongeyuduna | engeyuduna | |||
| Class 2 | bayoduna | abayoduna | beyoduna | abayuduna | abangeyuduna | bengeyuduna | |||
| Class 3 | uyoduna | oyoduna | uyoduna | awuyuduna | ongeyuduna | ungeyuduna | |||
| Class 4 | iyoduna | eyoduna | iyoduna | ayiyuduna | engeyuduna | ingeyuduna | |||
| Class 5 | liyoduna | eliyoduna | liyoduna | aliyuduna | elingeyuduna | lingeyuduna | |||
| Class 6 | ayoduna | ayoduna | eyoduna | awayuduna | angeyuduna | engeyuduna | |||
| Class 7 | siyoduna | esiyoduna | siyoduna | asiyuduna | esingeyuduna | singeyuduna | |||
| Class 8 | ziyoduna | eziyoduna | ziyoduna | aziyuduna | ezingeyuduna | zingeyuduna | |||
| Class 9 | iyoduna | eyoduna | iyoduna | ayiyuduna | engeyuduna | ingeyuduna | |||
| Class 10 | ziyoduna | eziyoduna | ziyoduna | aziyuduna | ezingeyuduna | zingeyuduna | |||
| Class 11 | luyoduna | oluyoduna | luyoduna | aluyuduna | olungeyuduna | lungeyuduna | |||
| Class 14 | buyoduna | obuyoduna | buyoduna | abuyuduna | obungeyuduna | bungeyuduna | |||
| Class 15 | kuyoduna | okuyoduna | kuyoduna | akuyuduna | okungeyuduna | kungeyuduna | |||
| Class 17 | kuyoduna | okuyoduna | kuyoduna | akuyuduna | okungeyuduna | kungeyuduna | |||
| Present subjunctive | |||||||||
| Positive | Negative | ||||||||
| 1st singular | ngidune | ngingaduni | |||||||
| 2nd singular | udune | ungaduni | |||||||
| 1st plural | sidune | singaduni | |||||||
| 2nd plural | nidune | ningaduni | |||||||
| Class 1 | adune | angaduni | |||||||
| Class 2 | badune | bangaduni | |||||||
| Class 3 | udune | ungaduni | |||||||
| Class 4 | idune | ingaduni | |||||||
| Class 5 | lidune | lingaduni | |||||||
| Class 6 | adune | angaduni | |||||||
| Class 7 | sidune | singaduni | |||||||
| Class 8 | zidune | zingaduni | |||||||
| Class 9 | idune | ingaduni | |||||||
| Class 10 | zidune | zingaduni | |||||||
| Class 11 | ludune | lungaduni | |||||||
| Class 14 | budune | bungaduni | |||||||
| Class 15 | kudune | kungaduni | |||||||
| Class 17 | kudune | kungaduni | |||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Positive | Negative | ||||||||
| 1st singular | ngaduna | ngangaduna, angaduna, angangaduna | |||||||
| 2nd singular | waduna | wangaduna, awaduna, awangaduna | |||||||
| 1st plural | saduna | sangaduna, asaduna, asangaduna | |||||||
| 2nd plural | naduna | nangaduna, anaduna, anangaduna | |||||||
| Class 1 | waduna | wangaduna, akaduna, akangaduna | |||||||
| Class 2 | baduna | bangaduna, abaduna, abangaduna | |||||||
| Class 3 | waduna | wangaduna, awaduna, awangaduna | |||||||
| Class 4 | yaduna | yangaduna, ayaduna, ayangaduna | |||||||
| Class 5 | laduna | langaduna, aladuna, alangaduna | |||||||
| Class 6 | aduna | angaduna, awaduna, awangaduna | |||||||
| Class 7 | saduna | sangaduna, asaduna, asangaduna | |||||||
| Class 8 | zaduna | zangaduna, azaduna, azangaduna | |||||||
| Class 9 | yaduna | yangaduna, ayaduna, ayangaduna | |||||||
| Class 10 | zaduna | zangaduna, azaduna, azangaduna | |||||||
| Class 11 | lwaduna | lwangaduna, alwaduna, alwangaduna | |||||||
| Class 14 | baduna | bangaduna, abaduna, abangaduna | |||||||
| Class 15 | kwaduna | kwangaduna, akwaduna, akwangaduna | |||||||
| Class 17 | kwaduna | kwangaduna, akwaduna, akwangaduna | |||||||