dun

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dun"

English

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dʌn/
Rhymes: -ʌn
Homophones: done, Donn, Donne, Dunn, Dunne

Etymology 1

From Middle English dun, dunne, from Old English dunn (“dun, dingy brown, bark-colored, brownish black”), from Proto-Germanic *dusnaz (“brown, yellow”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, raise dust”). Cognate with Old Saxon dun (“brown, dark”), Old High German tusin (“ash-gray, dull brown, pale yellow, dark”), Old Norse dunna (“female mallard; duck”).

Alternative etymology derives the Old English word from Brythonic (compare Middle Welsh dwnn (“dark (red)”)), from Proto-Celtic *dusnos (compare Old Irish donn), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews- (compare Old Saxon dosan (“chestnut brown”)). More at dusk.

Noun

dun (usually uncountable, plural duns)

A brownish grey colour.
dun:
Synonym: claybank

Translations

colour

Bulgarian: сиво-кафяв (sivo-kafjav)
Czech: šedohnědá barva
Dutch: vaalbruin (nl), grijs-bruin
Finnish: harmaanruskea (fi)
French: brun (fr) grisâtre
Georgian: მონაცრისფრო-ყვითელი ფერი (monacrispro-q̇viteli peri)
German: Graubraun n
Greek: καστανόφαιο (kastanófaio)
Hungarian: szürkésbarna (hu), ordas (hu)
Icelandic: grámórautt n
Indonesian: turangga (id) n
Irish: donn (ga)
Italian: bigio (it) m, grigio (it) m, grigiastro (it) m
Japanese: 焦げ茶色 (こげちゃいろ, kogechairo)
Norwegian: gråbrunt n
Occitan: brunèl
Persian: دیزه‎ (fa) (dize)
Portuguese: pardo (pt) m
Russian: серова́то-кори́чневый (ru) m (serováto-koríčnevyj) (цвет)
Serbo-Croatian: sivosmeđ
Spanish: pardo (es)
Swedish: gråbrun (sv), gråbrunt
Turkish: kula (tr)

Adjective

dun (not comparable)

Of a brownish grey colour.
- c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene v], lines 48–49, page 134, column 2:
  Come, thick Night,
  And pall thee in the dunneſt ſmoake of Hell,
  That my keene Knife ſee not the Wound it makes,
  Nor Heauen peepe through the Blanket of the darke,
  To cry, hold, hold.
- 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 130”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […]‎, London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, OCLC 216596634:
  My Miſtres eyes are nothing like the Sunne,
  Currall is farre more red, then her lips red,
  If ſnow be white, why then her breſts are dun:
  If hairs be wiers, black wiers grow on her head: [...]
- 1827, [John Keble], “Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity”, in The Christian Year: Thoughts in Verse for the Sundays and Holydays throughout the Year, volume II, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] [B]y W. Baxter, for J. Parker; and C[harles] and J[ohn] Rivington, […], OCLC 1029642537, page 85:
  Red o'er the forest glows the setting sun, / The line of yellow light dies fast away / That crown'd the eastern copse, and chill and dun / Falls on the moor the brief November day.

Translations

of a brownish grey colour

Bulgarian: сиво-кафяв (sivo-kafjav)
Czech: šedohnědý, plavý (cs) (horse)
Dutch: grijsbruin (nl)
Finnish: harmaanruskea (fi)
French: brun gris
Georgian: მონაცრისფრო-ყვითელი (monacrispro-q̇viteli)
German: graubraun, falb (of horses)
Hungarian: fakó (hu), ordas (hu)
Indonesian: turangga (id)
Irish: riabhach
Italian: grigio brunastro (it) m
Norwegian: gråbrun
Ottoman Turkish: قولا‎ (kula)
Polish: płowy (pl) m
Portuguese: pardo (pt)
Russian: серова́то-кори́чневый (ru) (serováto-koríčnevyj)
Scottish Gaelic: odhar
Spanish: pardo (es)
Swedish: gråbrun (sv)
Turkish: boz (tr)

Derived terms

donkey (possibly)
dun-bar
dun crow
dun diver
dunnock

Etymology 2

Unknown; perhaps a variant of din. Several sources suggest origin from Joe Dun, the name of a bailiff known for arresting debtors, but this is controversial.

Noun

dun (plural duns)

(countable) A collector of debts, especially one who is insistent and demanding.
- 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn, […], OCLC 21345056, pages 162–163:
  "The truth is, Mr. Curl, I cannot write when I am plagued about trifles; and a tiresome dun this morning put to flight every idea that I had in the world."
  "Mr. Maynard," said the bookseller, in a solemn tone, "it is very wrong to run in debt."
- 1889 [1712], John Arbuthnot, The History of John Bull, London: Cassell & Co., OCLC 6255586, page 71:
  Look ye, gentlemen, I have lived with credit in the world, and it grieves my heart never to stir out of my doors but to be pulled by the sleeve by some rascally dun or other.
- 1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], chapter 18, in Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], OCLC 2603818:
  Melancholy duns came looking for him at all hours.
- 1970, John Glassco, Memoirs of Montparnasse, New York 2007, p. 102:
  ‘Frank's worried about duns,’ she said as the butler went away.
An urgent request or demand of payment.
- 1842, A.B.G., “Errata”, in Evangelical Magazine and Gospel Advocate, volume 13, OCLC 10193591, page 251:
  Miss Hoppin received a dun for volume 9 1840–1 which Mr. James McConnell, (who now pays the above) is sure was paid.

Translations

a collector of debts

Finnish: perijä (fi), velkoja (fi)

Verb

dun (third-person singular simple present duns, present participle dunning, simple past and past participle dunned)

(transitive) To ask or beset a debtor for payment.
- 1768, Jonathan Swift, The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift, London: C. Bathurst, OCLC 459163337, Miscellanies in Verse, page 309:
  And hath she sent so soon to dun?
- 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], OCLC 928184292:
  Folio Society 1973, p. 577:
  Of all he had received from Lady Bellaston, not above five guineas remained and that very morning he had been dunned by a tradesman for twice that sum.
(transitive) To harass by continually repeating e.g. a request.
- 1940, Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, Penguin 2010, p. 107:
  Rich bitches who had to be dunned for their milk bills would pay him right now.

Derived terms

dun letter

Translations

to ask for payment

Czech: upomínat impf, urgovat (cs) impf, vymáhat zaplacení
Dutch: afpersen (nl)
Finnish: periä (fi), velkoa (fi), karhuta (fi)
Japanese: 借金の催促 (ja) (しゃっきんのさいそく, shakkin no saisoku)
Portuguese: cobrar (pt)

to harass by continually repeating a request

Finnish: tivata (fi), perätä (fi)
Polish: przymawiać się impf, przymówić się pf

Etymology 3

Uncertain; likely from the color.

Noun

dun (plural duns)

(countable) A newly hatched, immature mayfly; a mayfly subimago.
- 1966, John Harris, An Angler's Entomology, New York: Barnes, OCLC 3612670, page 16:
  Also, duns are dull and generally sober colored, whilst spinners are more brightly colored and shining and their wings are clear and transparent.
(countable, fishing) A fly made to resemble the mayfly subimago.
- 1676, Charles Cotton, The Compleat Angler. Being Instructions how to Angle for a Trout or Grayling in a Clear Stream, London: Richard Marriott, and Henry Brome, OCLC 228732346, March, page 59:
  We have besides for this Month a little Dun call'd a whirling Dun (though it is not the whirling Dun indeed, which is one of the best Flies we have) and for this the dubbing must be of the bottom fur of a Squirrels tail and the wing of the grey feather of a Drake.

Synonyms

subimago

Translations

immature mayfly

Finnish: esiaikuinen, subimago

Etymology 4

From Irish dún or Scottish Gaelic dùn, from Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“fortress”). Cognate with Welsh dinas (“city”). Doublet of town.

Alternative forms

doon
dún

Noun

dun (plural duns)

An ancient or medieval fortification; especially a hill-fort in Scotland or Ireland.
- 1858, Henry MacLauchlan, Memoir written during a survey of the Roman Wall, through the counties of Northumberland and Cumberland, in the years 1852-1854, London: Printed for private circulation, OCLC 14866297, page 9:
  Pampedun, or Pandon, was probably a place of residence from the earliest times; its sheltered situation for boats, and proximity to the ancient way over the river, protected perhaps by a dun or camp, on the height above [...] possibly gave origin to the ancient name of the place, Pampedun, from the British pant, a hollow, and dun, a fort or camp, Pant-y-dun.
(archeology) A structure in the Orkney or Shetland islands or in Scotland consisting of a roundhouse surrounded by a circular wall; a broch.
- 2013, T.J. Clarkson, The Makers of Scotland: Picts, Romans, Gaels and Vikings, Edinburgh: Birlinn, →ISBN:
  Smaller than the broch was the dun, another type of stone-built 'roundhouse'.

Etymology 5

See do.

Verb

dun

(nonstandard, informal) Eye dialect spelling of done: past participle of do
Now, ya dun it!
- 1895 May 1, S.L.N. Foote, “Correspondence”, in International Journal of Medicine and Surgery‎, volume 8, retrieved 2016–10–13, page 194:
  ...a wise old lady exclaimed, "Why Mrs. M. warn't you orful skeerd wunst when you seed a dog fight? [...] an that ere big yaller dog bit orf your baby's hand that minit; in cors he dun it, so now that settles it."
- 2001 April 1, Robert Frost, Poems by Robert Frost: A Boy's Will and North of Boston‎, Penguin, →ISBN, OCLC 1002077375:
  “Oh, Because I want their dollar.
  I don't want Anything they've not got. I never dun.
  I'm there, and they can pay me if they like.
  I go nowhere on purpose: I happen by.
  Sorry there is no cup to give you a drink. […]
(nonstandard, informal) Pronunciation spelling of don't: contraction of do + not.
- 1901, Gilbert Parker, The Right of Way, New York and London: Harper, OCLC 169519:
  Fwhere's he come from, I dun'no'. French or English, I dun'no'. But a gintleman born, I know.

Etymology 6

Likely from the color of fish so prepared.

Verb

dun (third-person singular simple present duns, present participle dunning, simple past and past participle dunned)

(transitive, dated) To cure, as codfish, by laying them, after salting, in a pile in a dark place, covered with saltgrass or a similar substance.
- 1832, James Thacher, History of Plymouth; from its first settlement in 1620, to the year 1832, Boston: Marsh, Capen & Lyon, OCLC 78447431, page 317:
  Dun-fish are of a superior quality for the table, and are cured in such a manner as to give them a dun or brownish color. Fish for dunning are caught early in spring, and sometimes February, at the Isle of Shoals.

Etymology 7

See dune.

Noun

dun (plural duns)

A mound or small hill.

Etymology 8

Imitative.

Interjection

dun

Imitating a deep bass note, such as that found in suspenseful music.
- 2009, Carrie Tucker, I Love Geeks: The Official Handbook, Avon, Massachusetts: Adams Media, →ISBN:
  How would you deal with that power? (Dun, dun, DUN! Insert dramatic music here.)
- 2015, Lisa Dombrowski, The Films of Samuel Fuller: If You Die, I’ll Kill You, page 113:
  Dun, dun! Dun, dun! As the music continues, the long shot of Griff's walk is broken down into repeating tight shots of his face, his legs, and his shifting point of view of Brockie.
- 2016, Helen Russell, Leap Year: How small steps can make a giant difference:
  'DUN DUN DUN DUN-DUN-DUN-DUN! DUN DUN DUN DUNDUN-DUN-DUN... PRESSURE!' By 2.05 a.m. I am Very Awake Indeed and the catastrophising continues.
- 2020, Spencer Hamilton, The Fear: A Pandemic Horror Novel:
  Whenever that iconic riff in the score cued up—Dun dun ... dun dun ... dun dun dun dun dun-dun-dun-dun ... —Jack's heart would race, and she'd feel the fear on her skin.

Related terms

dun dun dun

Noun

dun (plural duns)

Alternative form of dhoon (“Himalayan valley”)

References

dun in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913

Anagrams

DNU, und

Bambara

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [dũ˦]

Verb

dun

to eat

References

2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Basque

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dun/, [d̪ũn]

Verb

dun

Informal second-person singular feminine (hik), taking third-person singular (hura) as direct object, present indicative form of izan.

Usage notes

Linguistically, this verb form can be seen as belonging to the reconstructed citation form edun instead of izan.

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse dúnn (“down”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duːn/, [d̥uːˀn]

Noun

dun n (singular definite dunet, plural indefinite dun)

down (soft, immature feathers)

Inflection

Declension of dun

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
neuter gender	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	dun	dunet	dun	dunene
genitive	duns	dunets	duns	dunenes

Dutch

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dʏn/
Audio (file)
Hyphenation: dun
Rhymes: -ʏn
Homophone: Dun

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch dunne, from Old Dutch *thunni, from Proto-West Germanic *þunnī, from Proto-Germanic *þunnuz. Cognate with English thin (Compare West-Flemish thinne).

Adjective

dun (comparative dunner, superlative dunst)

thin, slender
sparse
(liquid) runny

Inflection

Inflection of dun
uninflected	dun
inflected	dunne
comparative	dunner
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial		dun	dunner	het dunst het dunste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	dunne	dunnere	dunste
	n. sing.	dun	dunner	dunste
	plural	dunne	dunnere	dunste
definite		dunne	dunnere	dunste
partitive		duns	dunners	—

Antonyms

dicht, dik

Derived terms

dunnen, verdunnen
dundoek
dunne darm
flinterdun

Descendants

Afrikaans: dun
Berbice Creole Dutch: doni
Negerhollands: dun, din
→ Aukan: deni, doin

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

dun

first-person singular present indicative of dunnen
imperative of dunnen

Galician

Etymology

From de (“of”) + un (“masculine singular indefinite article”).

Contraction

dun m (feminine dunha, masculine plural duns, feminine plural dunhas)

Contraction of de un. From a; of a

German

Alternative forms

duhn

Etymology

Borrowed from Low German duun.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duːn/
Audio (file)

Adjective

dun (strong nominative masculine singular duner, comparative duner, superlative am dunsten)

(colloquial, chiefly Northern Germany) drunk
- 1998, “Du (äh, Du)”, in Power, performed by Fischmob:
  Ich war dun die Nacht
  Und hatte mit chemischen Drogen aus Amerika herumexperimentiert
  Bis ich das Bewußtsein verlor
  I was drunk that night / and had experimented with synthetic drugs from America / until I lost consciousness

Declension

Positive forms of dun

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist dun	sie ist dun	es ist dun	sie sind dun
strong declension (without article)	nominative	duner	dune	dunes	dune
	genitive	dunen	duner	dunen	duner
	dative	dunem	duner	dunem	dunen
	accusative	dunen	dune	dunes	dune
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der dune	die dune	das dune	die dunen
	genitive	des dunen	der dunen	des dunen	der dunen
	dative	dem dunen	der dunen	dem dunen	den dunen
	accusative	den dunen	die dune	das dune	die dunen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein duner	eine dune	ein dunes	(keine) dunen
	genitive	eines dunen	einer dunen	eines dunen	(keiner) dunen
	dative	einem dunen	einer dunen	einem dunen	(keinen) dunen
	accusative	einen dunen	eine dune	ein dunes	(keine) dunen

Comparative forms of dun

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist duner	sie ist duner	es ist duner	sie sind duner
strong declension (without article)	nominative	dunerer	dunere	duneres	dunere
	genitive	duneren	dunerer	duneren	dunerer
	dative	dunerem	dunerer	dunerem	duneren
	accusative	duneren	dunere	duneres	dunere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der dunere	die dunere	das dunere	die duneren
	genitive	des duneren	der duneren	des duneren	der duneren
	dative	dem duneren	der duneren	dem duneren	den duneren
	accusative	den duneren	die dunere	das dunere	die duneren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein dunerer	eine dunere	ein duneres	(keine) duneren
	genitive	eines duneren	einer duneren	eines duneren	(keiner) duneren
	dative	einem duneren	einer duneren	einem duneren	(keinen) duneren
	accusative	einen duneren	eine dunere	ein duneres	(keine) duneren

Superlative forms of dun

number & gender		singular			plural
number & gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist am dunsten	sie ist am dunsten	es ist am dunsten	sie sind am dunsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	dunster	dunste	dunstes	dunste
	genitive	dunsten	dunster	dunsten	dunster
	dative	dunstem	dunster	dunstem	dunsten
	accusative	dunsten	dunste	dunstes	dunste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der dunste	die dunste	das dunste	die dunsten
	genitive	des dunsten	der dunsten	des dunsten	der dunsten
	dative	dem dunsten	der dunsten	dem dunsten	den dunsten
	accusative	den dunsten	die dunste	das dunste	die dunsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein dunster	eine dunste	ein dunstes	(keine) dunsten
	genitive	eines dunsten	einer dunsten	eines dunsten	(keiner) dunsten
	dative	einem dunsten	einer dunsten	einem dunsten	(keinen) dunsten
	accusative	einen dunsten	eine dunste	ein dunstes	(keine) dunsten

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tuːn/, /toːn/

Verb

dun

(auxiliary, with an infinitive) will; to be going (to do something); forms the future tense
Ich dun das mache.
I will do that.
(auxiliary, with an infinitive) to be; forms the progressive aspect
Was dun-se mache.
What are they doing.
to put, to place, to add
Du mol en bissje Eis in de Suco.
Put some ice in the juice.

Inflection

Conjugation of dun

	present tense	conditional tense
infinitive	dun

past participle	gedun

auxiliary	hon

1st person singular	dun	dääd
2nd person singular	dust	dääst
3rd person singular	dud	dääd
1st person plural	dun	dääde
2nd person plural	dud	dääd
3rd person plural	dun	dääde

	imperative
2nd person singular	du
2nd person plural	dud

Derived terms

mitdun
wechdun

Kiput

Etymology

From Proto-North Sarawak *daqun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun (compare Malay daun).

Noun

dun

leaf

Mandarin

Romanization

dun

Nonstandard spelling of dūn.
Nonstandard spelling of dǔn.
Nonstandard spelling of dùn.

Usage notes

English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse dúnn.

Noun

dun f or m (definite singular duna or dunen, indefinite plural duner, definite plural dunene)
dun n (definite singular dunet, indefinite plural dun, definite plural duna or dunene)

down (soft, fine fluffy feathers)

References

“dun” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“dun” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse dúnn m.

Noun

dun f or n (definite singular duna or dunet, indefinite plural duner or dun, definite plural dunene or duna)

down (soft, fine fluffy feathers)

References

“dun” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *dūnǭ (“hill, sand dune”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“to smoke, fume, raise dust”); or alternatively a late borrowing from Proto-Celtic *dūnom from the same Proto-Indo-European source.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /duːn/

Noun

dūn f

hill, mountain

Declension

Declension of dun (strong ō-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	dūn	dūna, dūne
accusative	dūne	dūna, dūne
genitive	dūne	dūna
dative	dūne	dūnum

Derived terms

ofdune

Descendants

English: down

Old French

Etymology

From Latin donum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dun/

Noun

dun m (oblique plural duns, nominative singular duns, nominative plural dun)

(Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of don
- c. 1150, Turoldus, La Chanson de Roland:
  E tute Espaigne tendrat par vostre dun
  And all of Spain he will hold as your gift

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse dúnn (“down”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dʉːn/

Noun

dun n

down, what grows on young birds

Declension

Declension of dun
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	dun	dunet	dun	dunen
Genitive	duns	dunets	duns	dunens

Related terms

dunboll
dunbolster
dunbädd
dunig
dunighet
dunjacka
dunkudde
dunlätt
dunmjuk
duntäcke
dununge
dunört
ejderdun
gåsdun

References

dun in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from German tun and English do.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dun/

Noun

dun (nominative plural duns)

deed, action, act, doing

Declension

declension of dun

	singular	plural
nominative	dun	duns
genitive	duna	dunas
dative	dune	dunes
accusative	duni	dunis
vocative ¹	o dun!	o duns!
predicative ²	dunu	dunus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

dunön

Wolof

Noun

dun (definite form dun bi)

island

Yoruba

Alternative forms

yùn (Ekiti, Ijebu, Idanre)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dũ̀/

Verb

dùn

to be sweet, to be pleasant

Usage notes

it induces a high tone syllable when followed by another verb, becoming dùn-ún and subcategorizes an embedded clause.

Derived terms

adùn (“sweetness”)
dídùn (“sweet”)
gbádùn (“to enjoy”)
ìdùn
ìdùnnú (“happiness”)
jadùn
kúndùn

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dũ̀/

Verb

dùn

to hurt, to be painful (physically)
egbò ń dùn mí ― The ulcer is hurting me
to be painful (mentally)
ó dùn mí pé ó kú ― It pained me that she died

Usage notes

dun before a direct object

Derived terms

ìdùn
adùn (“pain”)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /dṹ/

Verb

dún

(transitive) to emit a sound
ẹyẹ yìí dún ― This bird made a sound

Derived terms

ìdún (“sonority”)
adún (“sonorous”)

dun

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Noun

Translations

Adjective

Translations

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Noun

Translations

Verb

Derived terms

Translations

Etymology 3

Noun

Synonyms

Translations

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

Noun

Etymology 5

Verb

Etymology 6

Verb

Etymology 7

Noun

Etymology 8

Interjection

Related terms

Noun

See also

References

Anagrams

Bambara

Pronunciation

Verb

References

Basque

Pronunciation

Verb

Usage notes

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Inflection

See also

Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Inflection

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

Verb

Galician

Etymology

Contraction

Further reading

German

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Declension

Further reading

Hunsrik

Pronunciation

Verb

Inflection

Derived terms

Further reading

Kiput

Etymology

Noun