dubula
Xhosa
Verb
-dubula?
- to flower
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Verb
-dubula?
- (transitive) to shoot
- (transitive) to fire, to discharge
Inflection
Tone unknown | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukudubula | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukudubula | ukungadubuli | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | dubula | -dubule | |||||||
Plural | dubulani | -dubuleni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyadubula, ngidubula | engidubulayo, engidubula | ngidubula | angidubuli | engingadubuli | ngingadubuli | |||
2nd singular | uyadubula, udubula | odubulayo, odubula | udubula | awudubuli | ongadubuli | ungadubuli | |||
1st plural | siyadubula, sidubula | esidubulayo, esidubula | sidubula | asidubuli | esingadubuli | singadubuli | |||
2nd plural | niyadubula, nidubula | enidubulayo, enidubula | nidubula | anidubuli | eningadubuli | ningadubuli | |||
Class 1 | uyadubula, udubula | odubulayo, odubula | edubula | akadubuli | ongadubuli | engadubuli | |||
Class 2 | bayadubula, badubula | abadubulayo, abadubula | bedubula | abadubuli | abangadubuli | bengadubuli | |||
Class 3 | uyadubula, udubula | odubulayo, odubula | udubula | awudubuli | ongadubuli | ungadubuli | |||
Class 4 | iyadubula, idubula | edubulayo, edubula | idubula | ayidubuli | engadubuli | ingadubuli | |||
Class 5 | liyadubula, lidubula | elidubulayo, elidubula | lidubula | alidubuli | elingadubuli | lingadubuli | |||
Class 6 | ayadubula, adubula | adubulayo, adubula | edubula | awadubuli | angadubuli | engadubuli | |||
Class 7 | siyadubula, sidubula | esidubulayo, esidubula | sidubula | asidubuli | esingadubuli | singadubuli | |||
Class 8 | ziyadubula, zidubula | ezidubulayo, ezidubula | zidubula | azidubuli | ezingadubuli | zingadubuli | |||
Class 9 | iyadubula, idubula | edubulayo, edubula | idubula | ayidubuli | engadubuli | ingadubuli | |||
Class 10 | ziyadubula, zidubula | ezidubulayo, ezidubula | zidubula | azidubuli | ezingadubuli | zingadubuli | |||
Class 11 | luyadubula, ludubula | oludubulayo, oludubula | ludubula | aludubuli | olungadubuli | lungadubuli | |||
Class 14 | buyadubula, budubula | obudubulayo, obudubula | budubula | abudubuli | obungadubuli | bungadubuli | |||
Class 15 | kuyadubula, kudubula | okudubulayo, okudubula | kudubula | akudubuli | okungadubuli | kungadubuli | |||
Class 17 | kuyadubula, kudubula | okudubulayo, okudubula | kudubula | akudubuli | okungadubuli | kungadubuli | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngidubulile, ngidubulē | engidubulile, engidubulē | ngidubulile, ngidubulē | angidubulanga | engingadubulanga | ngingadubulanga | |||
2nd singular | udubulile, udubulē | odubulile, odubulē | udubulile, udubulē | awudubulanga | ongadubulanga | ungadubulanga | |||
1st plural | sidubulile, sidubulē | esidubulile, esidubulē | sidubulile, sidubulē | asidubulanga | esingadubulanga | singadubulanga | |||
2nd plural | nidubulile, nidubulē | enidubulile, enidubulē | nidubulile, nidubulē | anidubulanga | eningadubulanga | ningadubulanga | |||
Class 1 | udubulile, udubulē | odubulile, odubulē | edubulile, edubulē | akadubulanga | ongadubulanga | engadubulanga | |||
Class 2 | badubulile, badubulē | abadubulile, abadubulē | bedubulile, bedubulē | abadubulanga | abangadubulanga | bengadubulanga | |||
Class 3 | udubulile, udubulē | odubulile, odubulē | udubulile, udubulē | awudubulanga | ongadubulanga | ungadubulanga | |||
Class 4 | idubulile, idubulē | edubulile, edubulē | idubulile, idubulē | ayidubulanga | engadubulanga | ingadubulanga | |||
Class 5 | lidubulile, lidubulē | elidubulile, elidubulē | lidubulile, lidubulē | alidubulanga | elingadubulanga | lingadubulanga | |||
Class 6 | adubulile, adubulē | adubulile, adubulē | edubulile, edubulē | awadubulanga | angadubulanga | engadubulanga | |||
Class 7 | sidubulile, sidubulē | esidubulile, esidubulē | sidubulile, sidubulē | asidubulanga | esingadubulanga | singadubulanga | |||
Class 8 | zidubulile, zidubulē | ezidubulile, ezidubulē | zidubulile, zidubulē | azidubulanga | ezingadubulanga | zingadubulanga | |||
Class 9 | idubulile, idubulē | edubulile, edubulē | idubulile, idubulē | ayidubulanga | engadubulanga | ingadubulanga | |||
Class 10 | zidubulile, zidubulē | ezidubulile, ezidubulē | zidubulile, zidubulē | azidubulanga | ezingadubulanga | zingadubulanga | |||
Class 11 | ludubulile, ludubulē | oludubulile, oludubulē | ludubulile, ludubulē | aludubulanga | olungadubulanga | lungadubulanga | |||
Class 14 | budubulile, budubulē | obudubulile, obudubulē | budubulile, budubulē | abudubulanga | obungadubulanga | bungadubulanga | |||
Class 15 | kudubulile, kudubulē | okudubulile, okudubulē | kudubulile, kudubulē | akudubulanga | okungadubulanga | kungadubulanga | |||
Class 17 | kudubulile, kudubulē | okudubulile, okudubulē | kudubulile, kudubulē | akudubulanga | okungadubulanga | kungadubulanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngādubula | engādubula | ngādubula | angidubulanga | engingadubulanga | ngingadubulanga | |||
2nd singular | wādubula | owādubula | wādubula | awudubulanga | ongadubulanga | ungadubulanga | |||
1st plural | sādubula | esādubula | sādubula | asidubulanga | esingadubulanga | singadubulanga | |||
2nd plural | nādubula | enādubula | nādubula | anidubulanga | eningadubulanga | ningadubulanga | |||
Class 1 | wādubula | owādubula | ādubula | akadubulanga | ongadubulanga | engadubulanga | |||
Class 2 | bādubula | abādubula | bādubula | abadubulanga | abangadubulanga | bengadubulanga | |||
Class 3 | wādubula | owādubula | wādubula | awudubulanga | ongadubulanga | ungadubulanga | |||
Class 4 | yādubula | eyādubula | yādubula | ayidubulanga | engadubulanga | ingadubulanga | |||
Class 5 | lādubula | elādubula | lādubula | alidubulanga | elingadubulanga | lingadubulanga | |||
Class 6 | ādubula | ādubula | ādubula | awadubulanga | angadubulanga | engadubulanga | |||
Class 7 | sādubula | esādubula | sādubula | asidubulanga | esingadubulanga | singadubulanga | |||
Class 8 | zādubula | ezādubula | zādubula | azidubulanga | ezingadubulanga | zingadubulanga | |||
Class 9 | yādubula | eyādubula | yādubula | ayidubulanga | engadubulanga | ingadubulanga | |||
Class 10 | zādubula | ezādubula | zādubula | azidubulanga | ezingadubulanga | zingadubulanga | |||
Class 11 | lwādubula | olwādubula | lwādubula | aludubulanga | olungadubulanga | lungadubulanga | |||
Class 14 | bādubula | obādubula | bādubula | abudubulanga | obungadubulanga | bungadubulanga | |||
Class 15 | kwādubula | okwādubula | kwādubula | akudubulanga | okungadubulanga | kungadubulanga | |||
Class 17 | kwādubula | okwādubula | kwādubula | akudubulanga | okungadubulanga | kungadubulanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingadubula | — | ngingadubula | ngingedubule | — | ngingedubule | |||
2nd singular | ungadubula | — | ungadubula | ungedubule | — | ungedubule | |||
1st plural | singadubula | — | singadubula | singedubule | — | singedubule | |||
2nd plural | ningadubula | — | ningadubula | ningedubule | — | ningedubule | |||
Class 1 | angadubula | — | engadubula | angedubule | — | engedubule | |||
Class 2 | bangadubula | — | bengadubula | bangedubule | — | bengedubule | |||
Class 3 | ungadubula | — | ungadubula | ungedubule | — | ungedubule | |||
Class 4 | ingadubula | — | ingadubula | ingedubule | — | ingedubule | |||
Class 5 | lingadubula | — | lingadubula | lingedubule | — | lingedubule | |||
Class 6 | angadubula | — | engadubula | angedubule | — | engedubule | |||
Class 7 | singadubula | — | singadubula | singedubule | — | singedubule | |||
Class 8 | zingadubula | — | zingadubula | zingedubule | — | zingedubule | |||
Class 9 | ingadubula | — | ingadubula | ingedubule | — | ingedubule | |||
Class 10 | zingadubula | — | zingadubula | zingedubule | — | zingedubule | |||
Class 11 | lungadubula | — | lungadubula | lungedubule | — | lungedubule | |||
Class 14 | bungadubula | — | bungadubula | bungedubule | — | bungedubule | |||
Class 15 | kungadubula | — | kungadubula | kungedubule | — | kungedubule | |||
Class 17 | kungadubula | — | kungadubula | kungedubule | — | kungedubule | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizodubula | engizodubula | ngizodubula | angizudubula | engingezudubula | ngingezudubula | |||
2nd singular | uzodubula | ozodubula | uzodubula | awuzudubula | ongezudubula | ungezudubula | |||
1st plural | sizodubula | esizodubula | sizodubula | asizudubula | esingezudubula | singezudubula | |||
2nd plural | nizodubula | enizodubula | nizodubula | anizudubula | eningezudubula | ningezudubula | |||
Class 1 | uzodubula | ozodubula | ezodubula | akazudubula | ongezudubula | engezudubula | |||
Class 2 | bazodubula | abazodubula | bezodubula | abazudubula | abangezudubula | bengezudubula | |||
Class 3 | uzodubula | ozodubula | uzodubula | awuzudubula | ongezudubula | ungezudubula | |||
Class 4 | izodubula | ezodubula | izodubula | ayizudubula | engezudubula | ingezudubula | |||
Class 5 | lizodubula | elizodubula | lizodubula | alizudubula | elingezudubula | lingezudubula | |||
Class 6 | azodubula | azodubula | ezodubula | awazudubula | angezudubula | engezudubula | |||
Class 7 | sizodubula | esizodubula | sizodubula | asizudubula | esingezudubula | singezudubula | |||
Class 8 | zizodubula | ezizodubula | zizodubula | azizudubula | ezingezudubula | zingezudubula | |||
Class 9 | izodubula | ezodubula | izodubula | ayizudubula | engezudubula | ingezudubula | |||
Class 10 | zizodubula | ezizodubula | zizodubula | azizudubula | ezingezudubula | zingezudubula | |||
Class 11 | luzodubula | oluzodubula | luzodubula | aluzudubula | olungezudubula | lungezudubula | |||
Class 14 | buzodubula | obuzodubula | buzodubula | abuzudubula | obungezudubula | bungezudubula | |||
Class 15 | kuzodubula | okuzodubula | kuzodubula | akuzudubula | okungezudubula | kungezudubula | |||
Class 17 | kuzodubula | okuzodubula | kuzodubula | akuzudubula | okungezudubula | kungezudubula | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyodubula | engiyodubula | ngiyodubula | angiyudubula | engingeyudubula | ngingeyudubula | |||
2nd singular | uyodubula | oyodubula | uyodubula | awuyudubula | ongeyudubula | ungeyudubula | |||
1st plural | siyodubula | esiyodubula | siyodubula | asiyudubula | esingeyudubula | singeyudubula | |||
2nd plural | niyodubula | eniyodubula | niyodubula | aniyudubula | eningeyudubula | ningeyudubula | |||
Class 1 | uyodubula | oyodubula | eyodubula | akayudubula | ongeyudubula | engeyudubula | |||
Class 2 | bayodubula | abayodubula | beyodubula | abayudubula | abangeyudubula | bengeyudubula | |||
Class 3 | uyodubula | oyodubula | uyodubula | awuyudubula | ongeyudubula | ungeyudubula | |||
Class 4 | iyodubula | eyodubula | iyodubula | ayiyudubula | engeyudubula | ingeyudubula | |||
Class 5 | liyodubula | eliyodubula | liyodubula | aliyudubula | elingeyudubula | lingeyudubula | |||
Class 6 | ayodubula | ayodubula | eyodubula | awayudubula | angeyudubula | engeyudubula | |||
Class 7 | siyodubula | esiyodubula | siyodubula | asiyudubula | esingeyudubula | singeyudubula | |||
Class 8 | ziyodubula | eziyodubula | ziyodubula | aziyudubula | ezingeyudubula | zingeyudubula | |||
Class 9 | iyodubula | eyodubula | iyodubula | ayiyudubula | engeyudubula | ingeyudubula | |||
Class 10 | ziyodubula | eziyodubula | ziyodubula | aziyudubula | ezingeyudubula | zingeyudubula | |||
Class 11 | luyodubula | oluyodubula | luyodubula | aluyudubula | olungeyudubula | lungeyudubula | |||
Class 14 | buyodubula | obuyodubula | buyodubula | abuyudubula | obungeyudubula | bungeyudubula | |||
Class 15 | kuyodubula | okuyodubula | kuyodubula | akuyudubula | okungeyudubula | kungeyudubula | |||
Class 17 | kuyodubula | okuyodubula | kuyodubula | akuyudubula | okungeyudubula | kungeyudubula | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngidubule | ngingadubuli | |||||||
2nd singular | udubule | ungadubuli | |||||||
1st plural | sidubule | singadubuli | |||||||
2nd plural | nidubule | ningadubuli | |||||||
Class 1 | adubule | angadubuli | |||||||
Class 2 | badubule | bangadubuli | |||||||
Class 3 | udubule | ungadubuli | |||||||
Class 4 | idubule | ingadubuli | |||||||
Class 5 | lidubule | lingadubuli | |||||||
Class 6 | adubule | angadubuli | |||||||
Class 7 | sidubule | singadubuli | |||||||
Class 8 | zidubule | zingadubuli | |||||||
Class 9 | idubule | ingadubuli | |||||||
Class 10 | zidubule | zingadubuli | |||||||
Class 11 | ludubule | lungadubuli | |||||||
Class 14 | budubule | bungadubuli | |||||||
Class 15 | kudubule | kungadubuli | |||||||
Class 17 | kudubule | kungadubuli | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngadubula | ngangadubula, angadubula, angangadubula | |||||||
2nd singular | wadubula | wangadubula, awadubula, awangadubula | |||||||
1st plural | sadubula | sangadubula, asadubula, asangadubula | |||||||
2nd plural | nadubula | nangadubula, anadubula, anangadubula | |||||||
Class 1 | wadubula | wangadubula, akadubula, akangadubula | |||||||
Class 2 | badubula | bangadubula, abadubula, abangadubula | |||||||
Class 3 | wadubula | wangadubula, awadubula, awangadubula | |||||||
Class 4 | yadubula | yangadubula, ayadubula, ayangadubula | |||||||
Class 5 | ladubula | langadubula, aladubula, alangadubula | |||||||
Class 6 | adubula | angadubula, awadubula, awangadubula | |||||||
Class 7 | sadubula | sangadubula, asadubula, asangadubula | |||||||
Class 8 | zadubula | zangadubula, azadubula, azangadubula | |||||||
Class 9 | yadubula | yangadubula, ayadubula, ayangadubula | |||||||
Class 10 | zadubula | zangadubula, azadubula, azangadubula | |||||||
Class 11 | lwadubula | lwangadubula, alwadubula, alwangadubula | |||||||
Class 14 | badubula | bangadubula, abadubula, abangadubula | |||||||
Class 15 | kwadubula | kwangadubula, akwadubula, akwangadubula | |||||||
Class 17 | kwadubula | kwangadubula, akwadubula, akwangadubula |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “duɓula”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “duɓula (3.2.9)”