doch
See also: Doch and do'ch
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch doch, from Old Dutch thoh, from Proto-West Germanic *þauh, from Proto-Germanic *þauh.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dɔx/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔx
- Hyphenation: doch
- Homophone: dog
Conjunction
doch
- yet, but, still, on the contrary, no, yes
- but rather
Synonyms
- edoch
Descendants
- Negerhollands: doch, dog
- → Papiamentu: doch, dò (dated)
German
Etymology
From Middle High German doch, from Old High German doh, from Proto-West Germanic *þauh, from Proto-Germanic *þauh. Cognate to Old English þēah (English though).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dɔx/ (standard)
- IPA(key): /dɔ/, /do/ (chiefly southern Germany and Austria; also in northern Germany in some positions, e.g. before nicht)
Audio (file) Audio (file)
Particle
doch
- (in response to a negative question or statement) yes; surely; really; on the contrary
- Das darfst du nicht sagen. — Doch!
- You can’t say that. — Yes, I can!
- Du wirst nicht kommen? — Doch!
- You're not going to come? — Yes, I am!
Conjunction
doch
- though; yet; but; however; nevertheless
- for all that; after all; but
Adverb
doch
- after all; yet; however; nevertheless
- 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 35:
- Auf dem Bahnhof dann, in dem sich senkenden Nebel, ein Gewühl von Pferden und grauen Gestalten, das zuerst unentwirrbar schien und sich dann doch rasch ordnete.
- On the station then, in the sinking fog, a crowd of horses and gray characters that initially looked inextricable, but then put itself in order swiftly after all.
- 1918, Elisabeth von Heyking, Die Orgelpfeifen, in: Zwei Erzählungen, Phillipp Reclam jun. Verlag, page 35:
- really; just
- indicates proposal Why don't you/we
- Komm doch mal mit.
- Why don't you just come [with us]?
Usage notes
- (really, just): As an emphatic particle, doch often stresses a contrast or a certainty. It is used more frequently in German than its nearest English equivalents and is often best translated into English by rephrasing the surrounding sentence.
Further reading
- “doch” in Duden online
- “doch” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Plautdietsch
Adverb
doch
- still, yet
- nevertheless