doceo
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *dokeō, causative of Proto-Indo-European *deḱ- (“to take”). Cognate with Ancient Greek δοκέω (dokéō, “I expect, suppose, seem”) and Ancient Greek δέχομαι (dékhomai, “I accept, receive”). The sense "rehearse, present on stage" is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek διδάσκω (didáskō).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈdo.ke.oː/, [ˈd̪ɔkeoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈdo.t͡ʃe.o/, [ˈd̪ɔːt͡ʃeo]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Verb
doceō (present infinitive docēre, perfect active docuī, supine doctum); second conjugation
- I teach, instruct; tell, inform; show, demonstrate
- Synonyms: īnstruō, discō, ēdūcō, ērudiō, ēdoceō, imbuō, magistrō, fingō
- Omnium scientiārum prīnceps, Salmantica docet. ― The University of Salamanca, first in all fields of knowledge, teaches.
- (drama) I rehearse, present on stage
Usage notes
doceo takes a double accusative to express both the knowledge taught or given and to whom it is taught.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of doceō (second conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | doceō | docēs | docet | docēmus | docētis | docent |
| imperfect | docēbam | docēbās | docēbat | docēbāmus | docēbātis | docēbant | |
| future | docēbō | docēbis | docēbit | docēbimus | docēbitis | docēbunt | |
| perfect | docuī | docuistī | docuit | docuimus | docuistis | docuērunt, docuēre | |
| pluperfect | docueram | docuerās | docuerat | docuerāmus | docuerātis | docuerant | |
| future perfect | docuerō | docueris | docuerit | docuerimus | docueritis | docuerint | |
| passive | present | doceor | docēris, docēre | docētur | docēmur | docēminī | docentur |
| imperfect | docēbar | docēbāris, docēbāre | docēbātur | docēbāmur | docēbāminī | docēbantur | |
| future | docēbor | docēberis, docēbere | docēbitur | docēbimur | docēbiminī | docēbuntur | |
| perfect | doctus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | doctus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | doctus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | doceam | doceās | doceat | doceāmus | doceātis | doceant |
| imperfect | docērem | docērēs | docēret | docērēmus | docērētis | docērent | |
| perfect | docuerim | docuerīs | docuerit | docuerīmus | docuerītis | docuerint | |
| pluperfect | docuissem | docuissēs | docuisset | docuissēmus | docuissētis | docuissent | |
| passive | present | docear | doceāris, doceāre | doceātur | doceāmur | doceāminī | doceantur |
| imperfect | docērer | docērēris, docērēre | docērētur | docērēmur | docērēminī | docērentur | |
| perfect | doctus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | doctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | docē | — | — | docēte | — |
| future | — | docētō | docētō | — | docētōte | docentō | |
| passive | present | — | docēre | — | — | docēminī | — |
| future | — | docētor | docētor | — | — | docentor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | docēre | docuisse | doctūrum esse | docērī | doctum esse | doctum īrī | |
| participles | docēns | — | doctūrus | — | doctus | docendus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| docendī | docendō | docendum | docendō | doctum | doctū | ||
Derived terms
- addoceō
- condoceō
- dēdoceō
- docibilis
- docilis
- doctē
- docticanus
- doctificus
- doctiloquus
- doctisonus
- doctiusculē
- doctor
- doctus
- documentum
- ēdoceō
- perdoceō
- praedoceō
- prōdoceō
- subdoceō
Related terms
- decet
- discō
- docilitās
- doctrīna
- doctrīnālis
- doctrīx
Descendants
- Old Occitan: dozer
- Old French: duire, doire (homophone for duire 'lead' < dūcere)
- French: duire (archaic or regional (Normandy))
- → Ido: docar
References
- “doceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “doceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- doceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- everyday experience tells us this: res ipsa, usus rerum (cotidie) docet
- experience has taught me: usus me docuit
- to teach children the rudiments: pueros elementa (prima) docere
- the very facts of the case show this: res ipsa docet
- to teach an art: artem tradere, docere
- to teach some one to play a stringed instrument: docere aliquem fidibus
- to study a piece, of the actor); to get a piece played, rehearse it: fabulam docere (διδάσκειν) (of the writer) (opp. fabulam discere
- this fable teaches us (without nos): haec fabula docet
- everyday experience tells us this: res ipsa, usus rerum (cotidie) docet
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “docere”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 111