dirigo
Italian
Verb
dirigo
- first-person singular present indicative of dirigere
Anagrams
- gridio, rigido, rigodi
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *dwizregō. Equivalent to dis- + regō (“I rule, govern”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈdiː.ri.ɡoː/, [ˈd̪iːrɪɡoː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈdi.ri.ɡo/, [ˈd̪iːriɡo]
Verb
dīrigō (present infinitive dīrigere, perfect active dīrēxī, supine dīrēctum); third conjugation
- I lay straight; arrange in lines (especially in military contexts)
- I direct to a place, guide, steer
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.466:
- dīriget in mediō quis mea vēla fretō?
- Who will guide my sails amidst the sea?
- dīriget in mediō quis mea vēla fretō?
- I distribute, scatter
Conjugation
| Conjugation of dīrigō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | dīrigō | dīrigis | dīrigit | dīrigimus | dīrigitis | dīrigunt |
| imperfect | dīrigēbam | dīrigēbās | dīrigēbat | dīrigēbāmus | dīrigēbātis | dīrigēbant | |
| future | dīrigam | dīrigēs | dīriget | dīrigēmus | dīrigētis | dīrigent | |
| perfect | dīrēxī | dīrēxistī | dīrēxit | dīrēximus | dīrēxistis | dīrēxērunt, dīrēxēre | |
| pluperfect | dīrēxeram | dīrēxerās | dīrēxerat | dīrēxerāmus | dīrēxerātis | dīrēxerant | |
| future perfect | dīrēxerō | dīrēxeris | dīrēxerit | dīrēxerimus | dīrēxeritis | dīrēxerint | |
| passive | present | dīrigor | dīrigeris, dīrigere | dīrigitur | dīrigimur | dīrigiminī | dīriguntur |
| imperfect | dīrigēbar | dīrigēbāris, dīrigēbāre | dīrigēbātur | dīrigēbāmur | dīrigēbāminī | dīrigēbantur | |
| future | dīrigar | dīrigēris, dīrigēre | dīrigētur | dīrigēmur | dīrigēminī | dīrigentur | |
| perfect | dīrēctus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | dīrēctus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | dīrēctus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | dīrigam | dīrigās | dīrigat | dīrigāmus | dīrigātis | dīrigant |
| imperfect | dīrigerem | dīrigerēs | dīrigeret | dīrigerēmus | dīrigerētis | dīrigerent | |
| perfect | dīrēxerim | dīrēxerīs | dīrēxerit | dīrēxerīmus | dīrēxerītis | dīrēxerint | |
| pluperfect | dīrēxissem | dīrēxissēs | dīrēxisset | dīrēxissēmus | dīrēxissētis | dīrēxissent | |
| passive | present | dīrigar | dīrigāris, dīrigāre | dīrigātur | dīrigāmur | dīrigāminī | dīrigantur |
| imperfect | dīrigerer | dīrigerēris, dīrigerēre | dīrigerētur | dīrigerēmur | dīrigerēminī | dīrigerentur | |
| perfect | dīrēctus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | dīrēctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | dīrige | — | — | dīrigite | — |
| future | — | dīrigitō | dīrigitō | — | dīrigitōte | dīriguntō | |
| passive | present | — | dīrigere | — | — | dīrigiminī | — |
| future | — | dīrigitor | dīrigitor | — | — | dīriguntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | dīrigere | dīrēxisse | dīrēctūrum esse | dīrigī | dīrēctum esse | dīrēctum īrī | |
| participles | dīrigēns | — | dīrēctūrus | — | dīrēctus | dīrigendus, dīrigundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| dīrigendī | dīrigendō | dīrigendum | dīrigendō | dīrēctum | dīrēctū | ||
Descendants
- Eastern Romance:
- ⇒ Aromanian: ãndreg, ãndregu, ndreg, ndregu, andreg, andregu (prefixed)
- Romanian: drege, dregere
- Italian: dirigere
- Sicilian: dirìggiri
- Old Occitan: derdre, derzer
- Occitan: derdre
- Gascon: dérser
- Occitan: derdre
- Old Provençal: *adergar
- ⇒ Catalan: adergar (prefixed)
- Old Portuguese:
- ⇒ Portuguese: adergar, adregar (prefixed)
- → Albanian: dërgoj
- → Asturian: dirixir
- → Catalan: dirigir
- → Dutch: dirigeren
- → French: diriger
- → Dutch: dirigeren
- → Romanian: dirija
- → Galician: dirixir
- → German: dirigieren
- → Luxembourgish: dirigéieren
- → Norwegian: dirigere
- Piedmontese: dirige
- → Polish: dyrygować
- → Portuguese: dirigir
- → Romanian: dirigui
- Sicilian: dirìjiri
- → Spanish: dirigir
References
- “dirigo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “dirigo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dirigo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to journey towards a place: iter aliquo dirigere, intendere
- to measure something by the standard of something else; to make something one's criterion: dirigere or referre aliquid ad aliquam rem
- to set one's course for a place: cursum dirigere aliquo
- to journey towards a place: iter aliquo dirigere, intendere