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单词 dim
释义

dim

See also: Dim, dim., dím, dìm, dım, дим, Дим, and дім

Translingual

Symbol

dim

  1. (mathematics) dimension

English

Pronunciation

  • enPR: dĭm, IPA(key): /dɪm/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪm

Etymology 1

From Middle English dim, dym, from Old English dim, dimm (“dim, dark, gloomy; wretched, grievous, sad, unhappy”), from Proto-West Germanic *dimm, from Proto-Germanic *dimmaz (“dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰem- (“to whisk, smoke; obscure”). Compare Faroese dimmur, Icelandic dimmur (“dark”) and dimma (“darkness”).

Adjective

dim (comparative dimmer, superlative dimmest)

  1. Not bright or colorful.
    The lighting was too dim for me to make out his facial features.
    • 1821, Percy B[ysshe] Shelley, Adonais: An Elegy on the Death of John Keats, […], Pisa, Italy: […] Didot; reprinted London: Noel Douglas […], 1927, OCLC 1156441409:
      that sustaining Love / Which, through the web of being blindly wove / By man and beast and earth and air and sea, / Burns bright or dim
  2. (colloquial) Not smart or intelligent.
    He may be a bit dim, but he's not entirely stupid.
  3. Indistinct, hazy or unclear.
    His vision grew dimmer as he aged.
  4. Disapproving, unfavorable: rarely used outside the phrase take a dim view of.
Derived terms
  • dim bulb
  • dim-headed
  • dim-lit
  • dimly
  • dim-sighted
  • dim-witted
  • dim-wittedness
  • nice-but-dim
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun

dim (uncountable)

  1. (archaic) Dimness.
    • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 278:
      All about me the Red Weed clambered among the ruins, writhing to get above me in the dim. Night, the Mother of Fear and Mystery, was coming upon me.

Verb

dim (third-person singular simple present dims, present participle dimming, simple past and past participle dimmed)

  1. (transitive) To make something less bright.
    He dimmed the lights and put on soft music.
  2. (intransitive) To become darker.
    The lights dimmed briefly when the air conditioning was turned on.
  3. To render dim, obscure, or dark; to make less bright or distinct
    • 1695, C[harles] A[lphonse] du Fresnoy, John Dryden, transl., De Arte Graphica. The Art of Painting, […], London: […] J[ohn] Heptinstall for W. Rogers, […], OCLC 261121781:
      a king among his courtiers, […] who out to dim the lustre of all his attendants
    • 1791, Homer; W[illiam] Cowper, transl., “[The Odyssey.] Book II.”, in The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume II, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], OCLC 779243096, line 501, page 42:
      Now ſet the ſun, and twilight dimm'd the ways, […]
  4. To deprive of distinct vision; to hinder from seeing clearly, either by dazzling or clouding the eyes; to darken the senses or understanding of.
    • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], part 1, 2nd edition, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, OCLC 932920499; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene iii:
      And with our Sun-bright armour as we march,
      Weel chaſe the Starrs from heauen, and dim their eies
      That ſtand and muſe at our admyred armes.
    • 1740, Christopher Pitt, The Aeneid
      Her starry eyes were dimm'd with streaming tears.
Derived terms
  • bedim
  • dimmer (noun)
Translations

See also

  • dim sim (etymologically unrelated)
  • dim sum (etymologically unrelated)

Adjective

dim (not comparable)

  1. (music) Clipping of diminished.

See also

  • dim. (diminuendo)

Anagrams

  • DMI, IDM, IM'd, IMD, MDI, MID, Mid., mid, mid-

Indonesian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈdɪm]
  • Hyphenation: dim

Etymology 1

From Dutch duim.

Noun

dim (first-person possessive dimku, second-person possessive dimmu, third-person possessive dimnya)

  1. thumb
  2. inch
    Synonym: inci

Etymology 2

From English dimmer.

Noun

dim (first-person possessive dimku, second-person possessive dimmu, third-person possessive dimnya)

  1. high-beam headlamp on a road vehicle.

Further reading

  • “dim” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Kashubian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dymъ.

Noun

dim

  1. smoke

Latvian

Verb

dim

  1. 3rd person singular present indicative form of dimēt
  2. 3rd person plural present indicative form of dimēt
  3. (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of dimēt
  4. (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of dimēt

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse dimmr. Related to English dim and Icelandic dimmur.

Adjective

dim (neuter singular dimt, definite singular and plural dimme, comparative dimmere, indefinite superlative dimmest, definite superlative dimmeste)

  1. dim
  2. to have bad vision
    Han er dim på synet
    His vision is dim/bad/poor

References

  • “dim” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From the Old Norse adjective dimmr, from Proto-Germanic *dimmaz. The neuter noun is derived from the adjective. The automotive senses may be a Back-formation from - of the verb dimme.

Adjective

dim (neuter singular dimt, definite singular and plural dimme, comparative dimmare, indefinite superlative dimmast, definite superlative dimmaste)

  1. gloomy
  2. dim
  3. having bad vision
    Han er dim på synet
    His vision is dim/bad/poor
  • dimma, dimme (verb)

Noun

dim m (definite singular dimmen, indefinite plural dimmar, definite plural dimmane)

  1. (automotive, colloquial) a switching of one's headlamps from high-beam to low-beam
  2. (automotive, colloquial) lever, button or other
  3. (dialectal) Clipping of dimme (“twilight, half darkness”).

Noun

dim n (definite singular dimmet, uncountable)

  1. (dialectal) dimmest, darkest part of the summer night
  2. (dialectal) twilight
    Synonym: skumring

Noun

dim m (definite singular dimmen, indefinite plural dimmar, definite plural dimmane)

  1. (colloquial) Clipping of dimensjon.

References

  • “dim” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

  • mid-

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dymъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dū́ˀmas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰuh₂mós.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dîm/

Noun

dȉm m (Cyrillic spelling ди̏м)

  1. smoke

Declension

Declension of dim
singularplural
nominativedimdimovi
genitivedimadimova
dativedimudimovima
accusativedimdimove
vocativedimedimovi
locativedimudimovima
instrumentaldimomdimovima

Derived terms

  • dimni signal

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *dymъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dím/

Noun

dȉm m inan

  1. smoke

Inflection

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nominativedìm
genitivedíma
singular
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)		dìm
genitive
(rodȋlnik)		—
dative
(dajȃlnik)		—
accusative
(tožȋlnik)		—
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)		dímu
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)		dímom

Further reading

  • “dim”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Sumerian

Romanization

dim

  1. Romanization of 𒁴 (dim)

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh dim. Cognate with the rare Old Irish dim (“something, anything”), which may be a Brythonic loanword. Further etymology uncertain. Matasović takes it from Proto-Celtic *dis-smi-, dissimilated from Proto-Indo-European *dus-smi- (literally “bad one”).[1] Morris Jones hypothesizes the original meaning was “share, portion” and derives it from Proto-Celtic *dīsman, from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to share”).[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dɪm/
  • Rhymes: -ɪm

Adjective

dim

  1. any
  2. no, not, none

Pronoun

dim

  1. anything
  2. nothing, none, nil, zero

Derived terms

  • dim byd
  • dim ond

Particle

dim

  1. not

Usage notes

As a verbal particle, almost always appears mutated as ddim.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
dimddimnimunchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 100
  2. Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 315

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), chapter DIM, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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