diffundo
Latin
Etymology
From dis- + fundō.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /difˈfun.doː/, [d̪ɪfˈfʊn̪d̪oː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /difˈfun.do/, [d̪ifˈfun̪d̪o]
Verb
diffundō (present infinitive diffundere, perfect active diffūdī, supine diffūsum); third conjugation
- I diffuse, scatter
- Synonyms: fundō, effundō, confundō, dēfundō, differō, dissipō, indūcō, sternō
- I decant, spread or pour out
Conjugation
| Conjugation of diffundō (third conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | diffundō | diffundis | diffundit | diffundimus | diffunditis | diffundunt |
| imperfect | diffundēbam | diffundēbās | diffundēbat | diffundēbāmus | diffundēbātis | diffundēbant | |
| future | diffundam | diffundēs | diffundet | diffundēmus | diffundētis | diffundent | |
| perfect | diffūdī | diffūdistī | diffūdit | diffūdimus | diffūdistis | diffūdērunt, diffūdēre | |
| pluperfect | diffūderam | diffūderās | diffūderat | diffūderāmus | diffūderātis | diffūderant | |
| future perfect | diffūderō | diffūderis | diffūderit | diffūderimus | diffūderitis | diffūderint | |
| passive | present | diffundor | diffunderis, diffundere | diffunditur | diffundimur | diffundiminī | diffunduntur |
| imperfect | diffundēbar | diffundēbāris, diffundēbāre | diffundēbātur | diffundēbāmur | diffundēbāminī | diffundēbantur | |
| future | diffundar | diffundēris, diffundēre | diffundētur | diffundēmur | diffundēminī | diffundentur | |
| perfect | diffūsus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | diffūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | diffūsus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | diffundam | diffundās | diffundat | diffundāmus | diffundātis | diffundant |
| imperfect | diffunderem | diffunderēs | diffunderet | diffunderēmus | diffunderētis | diffunderent | |
| perfect | diffūderim | diffūderīs | diffūderit | diffūderīmus | diffūderītis | diffūderint | |
| pluperfect | diffūdissem | diffūdissēs | diffūdisset | diffūdissēmus | diffūdissētis | diffūdissent | |
| passive | present | diffundar | diffundāris, diffundāre | diffundātur | diffundāmur | diffundāminī | diffundantur |
| imperfect | diffunderer | diffunderēris, diffunderēre | diffunderētur | diffunderēmur | diffunderēminī | diffunderentur | |
| perfect | diffūsus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | diffūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | diffunde | — | — | diffundite | — |
| future | — | diffunditō | diffunditō | — | diffunditōte | diffunduntō | |
| passive | present | — | diffundere | — | — | diffundiminī | — |
| future | — | diffunditor | diffunditor | — | — | diffunduntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | diffundere | diffūdisse | diffūsūrum esse | diffundī | diffūsum esse | diffūsum īrī | |
| participles | diffundēns | — | diffūsūrus | — | diffūsus | diffundendus, diffundundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| diffundendī | diffundendō | diffundendum | diffundendō | diffūsum | diffūsū | ||
Derived terms
- diffūsiō
- diffūsor
- diffūsus
Descendants
- Old Occitan: defondre
- → Catalan: difondre
- → Dutch: diffunderen
- → English: diffuse (via Old French), diffund
- → French: diffuser, diffondre
- → German: diffundieren
- →? Italian: diffondere
- → Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: diffundere
- Norwegian Nynorsk: diffundere
- → Portuguese: difundir
- Sicilian: diffùnniri
- → Spanish: difundir
- → Swedish: diffusera (via Old French), diffundera
References
- “diffundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “diffundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- diffundo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the twigs are shooting out, spreading: rami late diffunduntur
- to spread over the whole body: per totum corpus diffundi
- the twigs are shooting out, spreading: rami late diffunduntur
- diffundo in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016