differo
Latin
Etymology
From dis- (“apart”) + ferō (“carry, bear”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈdif.fe.roː/, [ˈd̪ɪfːɛroː]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈdif.fe.ro/, [ˈd̪ifːero]
Verb
differō (present infinitive differre, perfect active distulī, supine dīlātum); third conjugation, irregular
- (transitive) I carry different ways, spread, scatter, disperse, separate.
- Synonyms: diffundō, fundō, effundō, confundō, dēfundō, dissipō, indūcō, sternō
- (transitive, figuratively) I distract, disquiet or disturb someone; confound.
- Synonyms: disturbō, turbō, perturbō, sollicitō, agitō
- (transitive, figuratively) I spread, publish, circulate, divulge; cry down, defame.
- (transitive, figuratively) I defer, put off, protract, delay, adjourn.
- Synonyms: moror, dētineō, cūnctor, retardō, tardō, dubitō, prōtrahō, trahō
- Antonyms: ruō, currō, accurrō, trepidō, festīnō, prōvolō, properō, corripiō, affluō, mātūrō
- 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs 13:12:
- Spēs quae differtur adflīgit animam: lignum vītae dēsīderium veniēns.
- Hope that is deferred afflicteth the soul: desire when it cometh, is a tree of life. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.: 1752 CE)
- Spēs quae differtur adflīgit animam: lignum vītae dēsīderium veniēns.
- (intransitive) I am different, differ, vary.
- Synonyms: distō, dissideō, abhorreō
Conjugation
Irregular, but resembling the third conjugation. The principal parts come from several different words originally.
| Conjugation of differō (third conjugation, irregular, suppletive) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | differō | differs | differt | differimus | differtis | differunt |
| imperfect | differēbam | differēbās | differēbat | differēbāmus | differēbātis | differēbant | |
| future | differam | differēs | differet | differēmus | differētis | different | |
| perfect | distulī | distulistī | distulit | distulimus | distulistis | distulērunt, distulēre | |
| pluperfect | distuleram | distulerās | distulerat | distulerāmus | distulerātis | distulerant | |
| future perfect | distulerō | distuleris | distulerit | distulerimus | distuleritis | distulerint | |
| passive | present | differor | differris, differre | differtur | differimur | differiminī | differuntur |
| imperfect | differēbar | differēbāris, differēbāre | differēbātur | differēbāmur | differēbāminī | differēbantur | |
| future | differar | differēris, differēre | differētur | differēmur | differēminī | differentur | |
| perfect | dīlātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | dīlātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | dīlātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | differam | differās | differat | differāmus | differātis | differant |
| imperfect | differrem | differrēs | differret | differrēmus | differrētis | differrent | |
| perfect | distulerim | distulerīs | distulerit | distulerīmus | distulerītis | distulerint | |
| pluperfect | distulissem | distulissēs | distulisset | distulissēmus | distulissētis | distulissent | |
| passive | present | differar | differāris, differāre | differātur | differāmur | differāminī | differantur |
| imperfect | differrer | differrēris, differrēre | differrētur | differrēmur | differrēminī | differrentur | |
| perfect | dīlātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | dīlātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | differ | — | — | differte | — |
| future | — | differtō | differtō | — | differtōte | differuntō | |
| passive | present | — | differre | — | — | differiminī | — |
| future | — | differtor | differtor | — | — | differuntor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | differre | distulisse | dīlātūrum esse | differrī | dīlātum esse | dīlātum īrī | |
| participles | differēns | — | dīlātūrus | — | dīlātus | differendus, differundus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| differendī | differendō | differendum | differendō | dīlātum | dīlātū | ||
Derived terms
- differēns
- differenter
- differentia
- differitās
- dīlātiō
- dīlātō
- dīlātor
- dīlātōrius
- dīlātūra
- dīlātus
Related terms
Related terms
- adferō / afferō
- auferō
- circumferō
- cōnferō
- dēferō
- dīlātātiō
- dīlātātor
- efferō
- ferō
- īnferō
- interferō
- intrōferō
- offerō
- perferō
- postferō
- praeferō
- praeterferor
- prōferō
- referō
- sufferō
- trānsferō
Descendants
- Inherited:
- Old Occitan: deferir
- Borrowed:
- → Catalan: diferir
- → English: differ, defer, dilate
- → French: différer
- → Italian: differire
- → Piedmontese: difer
- → Portuguese: diferir
- → Spanish: diferir
References
- “differo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “differo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- differo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the wind spread the conflagration: ventus ignem distulit (B. G. 5. 43)
- to put off till another time; to postpone: aliquid in aliud tempus, in posterum differre
- to put off from one day to another: diem ex die ducere, differre
- to differ qualitatively not quantitatively: genere, non numero or magnitudine differre
- the wind spread the conflagration: ventus ignem distulit (B. G. 5. 43)
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “differre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 73