-di
Basque
Etymology
Unknown.[1]
Suffix
-di
- Collective suffix usually attached to plant names.
- elorri (“hawthorn”) + -di → elordi (“hawthorn grove”)
- pinu (“pine tree”) + -di → pinudi (“pine forest”)
- (neologism) group of people
- gazte (“young person”) + -di → gaztedi (“youth”)
Usage notes
Many neologisms in common use were coined by Sabino Arana using this suffix.
Derived terms
Basque terms suffixed with -di
References
- “-di” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
Navajo
Suffix
-di
- at
- náánáłahdi ― at another place
- Kinłánídi óltaʼgi ― at the school in Flagstaff
- times (with numbers)
- naakidi ― two times, twice
Usage notes
-gi is more specific than -di. -gi refers to a specific place within a generalized location marked by -di. The approximate location with -di comes first, followed by the specific -gi.
Turkish
Alternative forms
- -dı, -du, -dü, -tı, -ti, -tu, -tü
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *-ti (past tense suffix).
Suffix
-di
- Past tense suffix.
- gel(-mek) (“(to) come”) → geldi (“he/she/it came”)
- sev(-mek) (“(to) love”) → sevdi (“he/she/it loved”)
- Used in nouns to indicate that it has been seen in the past. Equivalent to was - were
- ev (“house”) → evdi (“it was a house”)
- ceviz (“walnut”) → cevizdi (“it was a walnut”)
Usage notes
- Personal suffixes are added after "-di".
- ye + -di + -m → yedim (“I ate”)
- ye + -di + -n → yedin (“you ate”)
- ye + -di → yedi (“he/she/it ate”)
- ye + -di + -k → yedik (“we ate”)
- ye + -di + -niz → yediniz (“you (pl.) ate”)
- ye + -di + -ler → yediler (“they ate”)
Uneapa
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *-dri, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *-ndi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ⁿdi/
Suffix
-di
- A third-person plural possessive suffix.
Further reading
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)
- Terry Crowley et al, The Oceanic Languages (2013), page 365
Uzbek
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *-ti (past tense suffix).
Suffix
-di
- Used to form past tense of verbs.