devel
See also: Devel
English
Noun
devel (plural devels)
- (Scotland) Alternative spelling of devvel
Verb
devel (third-person singular simple present devels, present participle develling, simple past and past participle develled)
- (Scotland) Alternative spelling of devvel
Anagrams
- Delve, delve
Middle English
Alternative forms
- deovel, deevel, devil, dyvel, devul, devyl, devell, devyll, deul, dewel, deyle, devull, dele
Etymology
From Old English dēofol, dēoful, from earlier dīobul, from Proto-West Germanic *diubul, from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdeːvəl/, /ˈdɛvəl/, /deːl/
Noun
devel (plural develes or defles or develen)
- Satan, Lucifer (in Early ME, without the definite article)
- a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Summoner's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1693-1696:
- Right so as bees out swarmen from an hyve, / Out of the develes ers ther gonne dryve / Twenty thousand freres on a route / And thurghout helle swarmed al aboute...
- Just like bees swarm from a hive / Out of the devil's arse there were driven / Twenty thousand friars on a rout / And throughout hell they swarmed all about...
-
- A devil; an evil creature that resides in the Christian hell.
- c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, James 2:19, page 110r, column 2; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
- þou bileueſt þat o god is .· þou doiſt wel / ⁊ deuelis bileuen .· ⁊ tremblen
- You believe that there's one God; you're doing well. But devils believe, and tremble.
-
- A pagan or heretical god; a deity considered to be false or an idol.
- (figurative) A malicious or sinful person; one who is evil.
- (rare) A fantastic beast or monstrous creature.
Derived terms
- develiche
- develissh
- develrye
- devely
Descendants
- English: devil (see there for further descendants)
- Scots: deil, deel, deevil
- Yola: deevil, deel
References
- “dẹ̄vel, devel, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-12.
Romani
Alternative forms
- del
Etymology
Two etymologies have been proposed:
- Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀯𑀉𑀮 (devaüla), from Sanskrit देवकुल (devakula).[1]
- Inherited from Sanskrit देवता (devatā).[2][3][4]
Noun
devel m (accusative devles, nominative plural devla, accusative plural devlen)
- god[1][3][5][6]
- sky[3][5]
- heaven[3][5]
Derived terms
- Devel
Descendants
- Caló: debel
References
- Jules Bloch (1920), “devaḷ deuḷ”, in , Dev Raj Chanana, transl., The Formation of the Marāṭhī Language, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House, published 2010, →ISBN, OCLC 951633176, retrieved September 1, 2021, page 351, →ISBN
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “dēvátā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 373
- Boretzky, Norbert; Igla, Birgit (1994), “devèl”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 70b
- Yaron Matras (2002), “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 39
- Marcel Courthiade (2009), “o dev/el¹, -les m. -la, -len = o de/l²³, -vles m. -vla, -vlen”, in Melinda Rézműves, editor, Morri angluni rromane ćhibǎqi evroputni lavustik = Első rromani nyelvű európai szótáram : cigány, magyar, angol, francia, spanyol, német, ukrán, román, horvát, szlovák, görög [My First European-Romani Dictionary: Romani, Hungarian, English, French, Spanish, German, Ukrainian, Romanian, Croatian, Slovak, Greek] (in Hungarian; English), Budapest: Fővárosi Onkormányzat Cigány Ház--Romano Kher, →ISBN, page 124ab
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ(ジプシー)語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, OCLC 1267332830, page 148a