descalabrar
Spanish
Etymology
des- + calavera (“skull”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /deskalaˈbɾaɾ/ [d̪es.ka.laˈβ̞ɾaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: des‧ca‧la‧brar
Verb
descalabrar (first-person singular present descalabro, first-person singular preterite descalabré, past participle descalabrado)
- (transitive) to hit, especially in the head
- (transitive) to damage, to ruin
Conjugation
Conjugation of descalabrar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive | descalabrar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | descalabrando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | descalabrado | descalabrada | |||||
plural | descalabrados | descalabradas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | descalabro | descalabrastú descalabrásvos | descalabra | descalabramos | descalabráis | descalabran | |
imperfect | descalabraba | descalabrabas | descalabraba | descalabrábamos | descalabrabais | descalabraban | |
preterite | descalabré | descalabraste | descalabró | descalabramos | descalabrasteis | descalabraron | |
future | descalabraré | descalabrarás | descalabrará | descalabraremos | descalabraréis | descalabrarán | |
conditional | descalabraría | descalabrarías | descalabraría | descalabraríamos | descalabraríais | descalabrarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | descalabre | descalabrestú descalabrésvos2 | descalabre | descalabremos | descalabréis | descalabren | |
imperfect (ra) | descalabrara | descalabraras | descalabrara | descalabráramos | descalabrarais | descalabraran | |
imperfect (se) | descalabrase | descalabrases | descalabrase | descalabrásemos | descalabraseis | descalabrasen | |
future1 | descalabrare | descalabrares | descalabrare | descalabráremos | descalabrareis | descalabraren | |
imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
affirmative | descalabratú descalabrávos | descalabre | descalabremos | descalabrad | descalabren | ||
negative | no descalabres | no descalabre | no descalabremos | no descalabréis | no descalabren |
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of descalabrar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive descalabrar | |||||||
dative | descalabrarme | descalabrarte | descalabrarle, descalabrarse | descalabrarnos | descalabraros | descalabrarles, descalabrarse | |
accusative | descalabrarme | descalabrarte | descalabrarlo, descalabrarla, descalabrarse | descalabrarnos | descalabraros | descalabrarlos, descalabrarlas, descalabrarse | |
with gerund descalabrando | |||||||
dative | descalabrándome | descalabrándote | descalabrándole, descalabrándose | descalabrándonos | descalabrándoos | descalabrándoles, descalabrándose | |
accusative | descalabrándome | descalabrándote | descalabrándolo, descalabrándola, descalabrándose | descalabrándonos | descalabrándoos | descalabrándolos, descalabrándolas, descalabrándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative descalabra | |||||||
dative | descalábrame | descalábrate | descalábrale | descalábranos | not used | descalábrales | |
accusative | descalábrame | descalábrate | descalábralo, descalábrala | descalábranos | not used | descalábralos, descalábralas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative descalabrá | |||||||
dative | descalabrame | descalabrate | descalabrale | descalabranos | not used | descalabrales | |
accusative | descalabrame | descalabrate | descalabralo, descalabrala | descalabranos | not used | descalabralos, descalabralas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative descalabre | |||||||
dative | descalábreme | not used | descalábrele, descalábrese | descalábrenos | not used | descalábreles | |
accusative | descalábreme | not used | descalábrelo, descalábrela, descalábrese | descalábrenos | not used | descalábrelos, descalábrelas | |
with first-person plural imperative descalabremos | |||||||
dative | not used | descalabrémoste | descalabrémosle | descalabrémonos | descalabrémoos | descalabrémosles | |
accusative | not used | descalabrémoste | descalabrémoslo, descalabrémosla | descalabrémonos | descalabrémoos | descalabrémoslos, descalabrémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative descalabrad | |||||||
dative | descalabradme | not used | descalabradle | descalabradnos | descalabraos | descalabradles | |
accusative | descalabradme | not used | descalabradlo, descalabradla | descalabradnos | descalabraos | descalabradlos, descalabradlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative descalabren | |||||||
dative | descalábrenme | not used | descalábrenle | descalábrennos | not used | descalábrenles, descalábrense | |
accusative | descalábrenme | not used | descalábrenlo, descalábrenla | descalábrennos | not used | descalábrenlos, descalábrenlas, descalábrense |
Derived terms
- descalabro
Further reading
- “descalabrar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014