desanimar
Catalan
Etymology
des- + animar
Pronunciation
- (Balearic, Central) IPA(key): /də.zə.niˈma/
- (Valencian) IPA(key): /de.za.niˈmaɾ/
Verb
desanimar (first-person singular present desanimo, past participle desanimat)
- (transitive) to discourage, to dishearten, to dispirit
- Synonym: descoratja
Conjugation
Conjugation of desanimar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | desanimar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | desanimant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | desanimat | desanimada | |||||
| plural | desanimats | desanimades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | desanimo | desanimes | desanima | desanimem | desanimeu | desanimen | |
| imperfect | desanimava | desanimaves | desanimava | desanimàvem | desanimàveu | desanimaven | |
| future | desanimaré | desanimaràs | desanimarà | desanimarem | desanimareu | desanimaran | |
| preterite | desanimí | desanimares | desanimà | desanimàrem | desanimàreu | desanimaren | |
| conditional | desanimaria | desanimaries | desanimaria | desanimaríem | desanimaríeu | desanimarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè | nosaltres nós | vosaltres vós | ells/elles vostès | |
| present | desanimi | desanimis | desanimi | desanimem | desanimeu | desanimin | |
| imperfect | desanimés | desanimessis | desanimés | desaniméssim | desaniméssiu | desanimessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós | vostès | |
| — | desanima | desanimi | desanimem | desanimeu | desanimin | ||
Derived terms
- desànim m
Further reading
- “desanimar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Portuguese
Etymology
From des- + animar.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /de.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [de.za.niˈma(h)], /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /de.za.niˈma(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /de.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [de.za.niˈma(χ)], /d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.niˈma(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /de.za.niˈma(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /dɨ.zɐ.niˈmaɾ/
Verb
desanimar (first-person singular present desanimo, first-person singular preterite desanimei, past participle desanimado)
- to discourage, dishearten
- to dismay, dispirit
Conjugation
Conjugation of desanimar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) | Second-person (tu) | Third-person (ele / ela / você) | First-person (nós) | Second-person (vós) | Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | desanimar | |||||
| Personal | desanimar | desanimares | desanimar | desanimarmos | desanimardes | desanimarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| desanimando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | desanimado | desanimados | ||||
| Feminine | desanimada | desanimadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | desanimo | desanimas | desanima | desanimamos | desanimais | desanimam |
| Imperfect | desanimava | desanimavas | desanimava | desanimávamos | desanimáveis | desanimavam |
| Preterite | desanimei | desanimaste | desanimou | desanimamos1, desanimámos2 | desanimastes | desanimaram |
| Pluperfect | desanimara | desanimaras | desanimara | desanimáramos | desanimáreis | desanimaram |
| Future | desanimarei | desanimarás | desanimará | desanimaremos | desanimareis | desanimarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| desanimaria | desanimarias | desanimaria | desanimaríamos | desanimaríeis | desanimariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | desanime | desanimes | desanime | desanimemos | desanimeis | desanimem |
| Imperfect | desanimasse | desanimasses | desanimasse | desanimássemos | desanimásseis | desanimassem |
| Future | desanimar | desanimares | desanimar | desanimarmos | desanimardes | desanimarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | desanima | desanime | desanimemos | desanimai | desanimem | |
| Negative (não) | não desanimes | não desanime | não desanimemos | não desanimeis | não desanimem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Spanish
Etymology
des- + animar
Verb
desanimar (first-person singular present desanimo, first-person singular preterite desanimé, past participle desanimado)
- (transitive) to discourage, to dishearten, to dispirit
- Synonym: desalentar
Conjugation
Conjugation of desanimar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | desanimar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | desanimando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | desanimado | desanimada | |||||
| plural | desanimados | desanimadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | desanimo | desanimastú desanimásvos | desanima | desanimamos | desanimáis | desaniman | |
| imperfect | desanimaba | desanimabas | desanimaba | desanimábamos | desanimabais | desanimaban | |
| preterite | desanimé | desanimaste | desanimó | desanimamos | desanimasteis | desanimaron | |
| future | desanimaré | desanimarás | desanimará | desanimaremos | desanimaréis | desanimarán | |
| conditional | desanimaría | desanimarías | desanimaría | desanimaríamos | desanimaríais | desanimarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos | él/ella/ello usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | desanime | desanimestú desanimésvos2 | desanime | desanimemos | desaniméis | desanimen | |
| imperfect (ra) | desanimara | desanimaras | desanimara | desanimáramos | desanimarais | desanimaran | |
| imperfect (se) | desanimase | desanimases | desanimase | desanimásemos | desanimaseis | desanimasen | |
| future1 | desanimare | desanimares | desanimare | desanimáremos | desanimareis | desanimaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos | usted | nosotros nosotras | vosotros vosotras | ustedes | |
| affirmative | desanimatú desanimávos | desanime | desanimemos | desanimad | desanimen | ||
| negative | no desanimes | no desanime | no desanimemos | no desaniméis | no desanimen | ||
1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.
Selected combined forms of desanimar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive desanimar | |||||||
| dative | desanimarme | desanimarte | desanimarle, desanimarse | desanimarnos | desanimaros | desanimarles, desanimarse | |
| accusative | desanimarme | desanimarte | desanimarlo, desanimarla, desanimarse | desanimarnos | desanimaros | desanimarlos, desanimarlas, desanimarse | |
| with gerund desanimando | |||||||
| dative | desanimándome | desanimándote | desanimándole, desanimándose | desanimándonos | desanimándoos | desanimándoles, desanimándose | |
| accusative | desanimándome | desanimándote | desanimándolo, desanimándola, desanimándose | desanimándonos | desanimándoos | desanimándolos, desanimándolas, desanimándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative desanima | |||||||
| dative | desanímame | desanímate | desanímale | desanímanos | not used | desanímales | |
| accusative | desanímame | desanímate | desanímalo, desanímala | desanímanos | not used | desanímalos, desanímalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative desanimá | |||||||
| dative | desanimame | desanimate | desanimale | desanimanos | not used | desanimales | |
| accusative | desanimame | desanimate | desanimalo, desanimala | desanimanos | not used | desanimalos, desanimalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative desanime | |||||||
| dative | desanímeme | not used | desanímele, desanímese | desanímenos | not used | desanímeles | |
| accusative | desanímeme | not used | desanímelo, desanímela, desanímese | desanímenos | not used | desanímelos, desanímelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative desanimemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | desanimémoste | desanimémosle | desanimémonos | desanimémoos | desanimémosles | |
| accusative | not used | desanimémoste | desanimémoslo, desanimémosla | desanimémonos | desanimémoos | desanimémoslos, desanimémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative desanimad | |||||||
| dative | desanimadme | not used | desanimadle | desanimadnos | desanimaos | desanimadles | |
| accusative | desanimadme | not used | desanimadlo, desanimadla | desanimadnos | desanimaos | desanimadlos, desanimadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative desanimen | |||||||
| dative | desanímenme | not used | desanímenle | desanímennos | not used | desanímenles, desanímense | |
| accusative | desanímenme | not used | desanímenlo, desanímenla | desanímennos | not used | desanímenlos, desanímenlas, desanímense | |
Related terms
- desánimo m
Further reading
- “desanimar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014