derven
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch darven, derven, from Old Dutch *tharvon, from Proto-Germanic *þarbōną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdɛrvə(n)/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛrvən
Verb
derven
- (transitive, archaic) to lack, want
Inflection
| Inflection of derven (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | derven | |||
| past singular | derfde | |||
| past participle | gederfd | |||
| infinitive | derven | |||
| gerund | derven n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | derf | derfde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | derft | derfde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | derft | derfde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | derft | derfde | ||
| 3rd person singular | derft | derfde | ||
| plural | derven | derfden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | derve | derfde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | derven | derfden | ||
| imperative sing. | derf | |||
| imperative plur.1 | derft | |||
| participles | dervend | gederfd | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Middle Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdervən/
Verb
derven
- Alternative form of darven
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English deorfan (“to exert oneself, labor; be in peril, perish, be wrecked”), from Proto-Germanic *derbaną (“to swink, labour, perish”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerHbʰ- (“to work, perish, die”). Some senses (transitive) apparently from Old English *dierfan, from Proto-Germanic *darbijaną, causative of the above. Cognate with Dutch bederven, verderven (“to spoil, corrupt, pervert”), Low German verdarven (“to spoil”), German verderben (“to ruin, spoil, corrupt”), Icelandic fordjarfa (“to disgrace”), Lithuanian dìrbti (“to work”).
Verb
derven (third-person singular simple present derveth, present participle dervende, simple past darf, past participle ydorven)
- (intransitive) To labour.
- (transitive) To trouble; grieve; hurt; afflict; molest.
Derived terms
- derving
Related terms
- deorrflike
- derf
- ȝedeorf