dere
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English dere, from Old English dæru, daru (“injury, hurt, harm, damage, calamity; loss, deprivation”), from Proto-West Germanic *daru, from Proto-Germanic *darō (“damage, injury”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰórh₃-eh₂, from *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch dare, dere, Low German dere, Old High German tara, Avestan 𐬛𐬁𐬭𐬁 (dārā), Sanskrit धारा (dhā́rā).
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /dɪə/
- Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
- Homophones: dear, deer
Noun
dere (plural deres)
- (UK dialectal) Hurt; harm; injury.
- She did him dere.
Etymology 2
From Middle English deren, derien, from Old English derian (“to damage, injure, hurt, harm”), from Proto-West Germanic *darjan (“to injure, harm”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerh₃- (“to leap, spring”). Cognate with Scots dere, deir (“to harm, hurt, injure”), Saterland Frisian dera (“to injure, damage”), West Frisian deare, derre (“to harm, injure”), Dutch deren (“to injure, damage, scathe”), Middle High German tern (“to injure”). Related to dart.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /dɪə/
- Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
- Homophones: dear, deer
Verb
dere (third-person singular simple present deres, present participle dering, simple past and past participle dered)
- (transitive, UK dialectal) To hurt; harm; injure; wound.
- c.1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, ‘The Squire's Tale’, Canterbury Tales:
- And of Achilles with his queynte spere, / For he koude with it bothe heele and dere […].
- 1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “xij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book XIII:
- Thenne herd he a voyse say / Galahad I see there enuyronne aboute the so many angels that my power may not dere the /
"Then heard he a voice say Galahad, I see there environ about thee so many angels that my power may not dere thee"- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- c.1390, Geoffrey Chaucer, ‘The Squire's Tale’, Canterbury Tales:
- (transitive, UK dialectal) To annoy, trouble, grieve.
Derived terms
- dering
Etymology 3
Nonstandard spelling of there, reflecting any of a variety of accents with th-stopping.
Alternative forms
- der
Pronunciation
- (AAVE, NYC) IPA(key): /dɛː(ɹ)/
- (Ulster English) IPA(key): /d̪ɛː(ɹ)/
- (Midlands) IPA(key): /d̪ɛə(ɹ)/
- (rural areas of Scotland, rare) IPA(key): /d̪iəɹ/
- Rhymes: -ɛː(ɹ), -ɛə(ɹ)
- Homophone: dare (some accents)
Adverb
dere (not comparable)
- Pronunciation spelling of there.
Interjection
dere
- Pronunciation spelling of there.
Noun
dere (uncountable)
- Pronunciation spelling of there.
Pronoun
dere
- Pronunciation spelling of there.
Anagrams
- Eder, Rede, Reed, deer, dree, rede, reed
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈdɛrɛ]
Verb
dere
- third-person singular present of drát
Dutch
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -eːrə
Verb
dere
- (archaic) singular present subjunctive of deren
Middle English
Alternative forms
- deere, deore
Etymology
From Old English dīere, from Proto-West Germanic *diurī, from Proto-Germanic *diurijaz.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdeːr(ə)/
Adjective
dere
- dear
Descendants
- English: dear
- Scots: dere, deir
- Yola: dear
References
- “dẹ̄re, adj.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Norwegian dialectal dere, a variant of der, from Middle Norwegian *þiðr. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ- from the verb ending in second person plural. Replaced older I (nominative) and eder (accusative).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdeːɾə/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -eːrə
Pronoun
dere (objective case dere)
- (personal) you (2nd person plural subject pronoun)
- Synonyms: I, eder
See also
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
feminine | masculine | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
Second | – | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine | |
Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | ||||
masculine (person) | han | ham / han | hans | |||||
feminine (noun) | den | dens | ||||||
masculine (noun) | ||||||||
neuter (noun) | det | dets | ||||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vårt | våre | |
Second | – | dere | deres | |||||
Third | general | de | dem | deres | ||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine |
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Middle Norwegian *þiðr, whence also der. Borrowed from Old East Norse iðʀ with added þ-, similar to þit from hafið it.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²deːɾə/, /ˈdeːɾə/
Pronoun
dere
- (dialectal, South East Norway) objective case of de; alternative form of dykk (“you (plural)”)
See also
person | first person | second person | reflexive | third person | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | singular | singular masculine | singular feminine | singular neuter | ||
nominative | eg, je1 | du | han | ho | det, dat2 | |
accusative | meg | deg | seg | han, honom2 | ho, henne2 | det, dat2 |
dative2 | meg | deg | seg | honom | henne | di2 |
genitive | min | din | sin | hans | hennar, hennes1 | dess3 |
case | plural | |||||
nominative | me, vi | de, dokker | dei | |||
accusative | oss, okk | dykk, dokker | seg | dei, deim2 | ||
dative | oss, okk | dykk, dokker | seg | deim2 | ||
genitive | vår, okkar | dykkar, dokkar | sin | deira, deires1 |
Serbo-Croatian
Verb
dere (Cyrillic spelling дере)
- third-person singular present of derati
Slovene
Verb
dere
- third-person singular present of dreti
Turkish
Etymology
From Persian دره (darre).
Noun
dere
- creek (A stream of water smaller than a river.)
- glen, basin, ravine A long area of relatively low elevation, often having a stream bed at the bottom, surrounded by mountains or hills, usually smaller than a "vadi" — "valley".)
Declension
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | dere | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | dereyi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | dere | dereler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | dereyi | dereleri | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | dereye | derelere | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | derede | derelerde | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | dereden | derelerden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | derenin | derelerin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- dere in Turkish dictionaries at Türk Dil Kurumu
Welsh
Alternative forms
- tyrd (North Wales)
- tyred (North Wales, literary)
Pronunciation
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈdɛrɛ/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈdeːrɛ/, /ˈdɛrɛ/
Verb
dere
- (South Wales) second-person singular imperative of dod
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
dere | ddere | nere | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Zazaki
Etymology
From Persian دره (darre).
Noun
dere ?
- valley