daingen
Old Irish
Etymology
Unknown. It can't be related to Old Irish dingid (“to press”) because of the vowel. It could be related to *dʰegʷʰ- (“to burn”) but the semantic connection in unclear.[1][2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdaŋʲɡʲen/
Adjective
daingen (comparative daingniu)
- strong, firm, solid
Inflection
| o/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | daingen | daingen | daingen |
| Vocative | daingin* daingen** | ||
| Accusative | daingen | daingin | |
| Genitive | daingin | daingne | daingin |
| Dative | daingen | daingin | daingen |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | daingin | daingne | |
| Vocative | daingniu daingne† | ||
| Accusative | daingniu daingne† | ||
| Genitive | daingen | ||
| Dative | daingnib | ||
| Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative | ||
Derived terms
- daingne
- daingnech
- daingnecht
- daingnid
- daingnigidir
Descendants
- Irish: daingean
- Scottish Gaelic: daingeann
Noun
daingen n
- stronghold, fastness, fortress, defence
- enclosure, fence
- bond, compact, covenant, espousal, security
Inflection
| Neuter o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | daingenN | daingenN | daingenL, daingne |
| Vocative | daingenN | daingenN | daingenL, daingne |
| Accusative | daingenN | daingenN | daingenL, daingne |
| Genitive | dainginL | daingen | daingenN |
| Dative | daingenL | daingnib | daingnib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| daingen | daingen pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ | ndaingen |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “Di-N-G-O-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- Vendryes, Joseph (1959–96) Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume D, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pages D-11-12
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “daingen”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language