daikon

daikon

English

Daikons on display in a Japanese supermarket.

Etymology

From Japanese 大根 (daikon, “big root”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdaɪkɒn/

Noun

daikon (plural daikons or daikon)

1. An East Asian cultivar or subspecies of radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus, syn. Raphanus sativus) bearing a large, white, carrot-shaped taproot consumed throughout East and South Asia but grown in North America primarily as a fallow crop for its fast-growing leaves (used as animal fodder) and as a soil ripper.
   1. (Japanese cuisine) The usual Japanese cultivar, Japanese radish.
2. Closely-related cultivars such as the enormous turnip-shaped Sakurajima or green-and-red watermelon radish.

Usage notes

Daikon is the most common name in all forms of English, but historical ties to South Asia permit mooli as a general synonym in British English. Other synonyms usually vary by region, so that daikon is sometimes taken to refer specifically to the usual Japanese form; similarly, the term radish may be used, with the regional variety implied by context. In addition, the plant is most often grown in North America for animal fodder or other uses rather than human consumption, producing a third set of synonyms that are almost never encountered in culinary contexts.

Synonyms

large white radishes (culinary)

• Chinese radish
• Chinese white radish
• daikon radish
• icicle radish
• Japanese radish
• lo bak, lo pak
• long white radish
• mooli, muli, moole
• Oriental radish, oriental radish
• Raphanus sativus subsp. Oleiferus
• Raphanus sativus var. hortensis Backer
• Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus L.H. Bailey
• Raphanus sativus var. oleifera Stokes
• Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis Pers.
• white radish

large white radishes (agricultural)

• fodder radish
• forage radish
• Japanese radish
• oil radish, oilseed radish
• radish ripper
• Raphanus sativus subsp. Oleiferus
• Raphanus sativus var. hortensis Backer
• Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus L.H. Bailey
• Raphanus sativus var. oleifera Stokes
• Raphanus sativus var. oleiformis Pers.
• tillage radish
• white radish

giant white radishes

• See Sakurajima radish

related green radishes

• beauty heart radish
• Chinese radish
• Chinese green radish
• Korean radish
• lo bak, lo pak
• Oriental radish, oriental radish
• red daikon
• roseheart radish
• shinrimei, shinrimei radish
• watermelon radish

Hyponyms

• Korean radish
• lo bak
• Sakurajima radish
• true daikon, fodder radish
• watermelon radish

Derived terms

• giant daikon
• jumbo daikon
• Sakurajima daikon

 

Translations

large white radish

Arabic: فِجْل‎ (ar) (fijl), دَايْكُون‎ (dāykūn) Azerbaijani: ağ turp, daykon, yapon turpu, çin turpu Bengali: মূলা (mūla) Catalan: daikon, rave blanc, rave japonès, rave xinès, lo bok, mooli Chamorro: daigo Chinese: Cantonese: 蘿蔔, 萝卜 (lo4 baak6), 白蘿蔔, 白萝卜 (baak6 lo4 baak6) Hakka: 蘿蔔, 萝卜 (lò-phe̍t) Mandarin: 白蘿蔔／白萝卜 (zh) (báiluóbo), 蘿蔔／萝卜 (zh) (luóbo), 菜頭／菜头 (zh) (càitóu) (Taiwan) Min Nan: 菜頭 (zh-min-nan), 菜头 (chhài-thâu) Xiang: 水蘿蔔 (xyei3 lo2 bu) Czech: ředkev setá bílá, daikon Danish: Kinaradisen, Japan-Ræddike Dutch: Daikon, witte rammenas, winter-radijs, Japanse radijs, Chinese radijs Esperanto: dajkono Finnish: valkoretikka (fi) French: radis blanc (fr), radis d'hiver m, radis chinois, daïkon (fr) m, radis japonais m German: Daikon m, chinesischer Rettich m, Daikon-Rettich m, Japanischer Rettich, Winterrettich, Mooli Greek: νταϊκόν n (daïkón) Hindi: मूली (hi) f (mūlī) Hungarian: daikon (hu), japán retek, kínai retek, jégcsapretek (hu) Indonesian: lobak (id) Italian: daikon f, ravanello cinese, ravanello giapponese, ravanello invernale Japanese: 大根 (ja) (だいこん, daikon), 蘿蔔 (ja) (rafuku) Khmer: ឆៃថាវ (km) (chaythaaw) Korean: 무 (ko) (mu), 조선무 (joseonmu) Latvian: Japānas redīss m Malay: lobak, lobak putih Manchu: ᠮᡠᡵᠰᠠ (mursa) Marathi: दाइकोन m (dāikon) Persian: دایکون‎ Polish: rzodkiew japońska, daikon (pl) Portuguese: daikon m Russian: дайко́н (ru) m (dajkón), япо́нская ре́дька f (japónskaja rédʹka), кита́йская ре́дька f (kitájskaja rédʹka) Spanish: rábano blanco Swedish: trädgårdsrättika Thai: ผักกาดหัว Turkish: daikon, Beyaz Turp, Japon turpu, Oryantal turp, Çin turp, Ukrainian: дайко́н m (dajkón), япо́нська ре́дька f (japónsʹka rédʹka), кита́йська ре́дька f (kytájsʹka rédʹka) Urdu: مولی‎ Vietnamese: củ cải trắng

Further reading

• daikon on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

References

• Natural Resources Conservation Service. PLANTS Database. "Plant Fact Sheet: Oilseed Radish, Raphanus sativus L.". United States Dep't of Agriculture, 2012. Accessed 22 June 2014.
• Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed. "mooli, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2002.

Anagrams

• nodiak

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Finnish

Etymology

From Japanese 大根 (daikon).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɑi̯kon/, [ˈdɑi̯ko̞n]
• Rhymes: -ɑikon
• Syllabification^(key): dai‧kon

Noun

daikon

1. Synonym of valkoretikka (“daikon”).

Declension

Inflection of daikon (Kotus type 6/paperi, no gradation)
nominative		daikon	daikonit
genitive		daikonin	daikonien daikoneiden daikoneitten
partitive		daikonia	daikoneita daikoneja
illative		daikoniin	daikoneihin
		singular	plural
nominative		daikon	daikonit
accusative	nom.	daikon	daikonit
	gen.	daikonin
genitive		daikonin	daikonien daikoneiden daikoneitten
partitive		daikonia	daikoneita daikoneja
inessive		daikonissa	daikoneissa
elative		daikonista	daikoneista
illative		daikoniin	daikoneihin
adessive		daikonilla	daikoneilla
ablative		daikonilta	daikoneilta
allative		daikonille	daikoneille
essive		daikonina	daikoneina
translative		daikoniksi	daikoneiksi
instructive		—	daikonein
abessive		daikonitta	daikoneitta
comitative		—	daikoneineen

Possessive forms of daikon (type paperi)
possessor	singular	plural
1st person	daikonini	daikonimme
2nd person	daikonisi	daikoninne
3rd person	daikoninsa

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Japanese

Romanization

daikon

1. Rōmaji transcription of だいこん

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Portuguese

Noun

daikon m (plural daikons)

1. (botany) daikon (a large East Asian radish cultivar)