-da
See also: Appendix:Variations of "da"
Azerbaijani
| Cyrillic | -да | |
|---|---|---|
| Perso-Arabic | ـدا | |
Suffix
| preceding vowel | |
|---|---|
| A / I / O / U | E / Ə / İ / Ö / Ü |
| -da | -də |
-da
- Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.
- maşın → maşında
- [the] car → in [the] car
- Peru → Peruda
- Peru → in Peru
- maşın → maşında
Usage notes
This suffix is to be preceded by an additional n when the noun it is appended to already ends with another suffix's vowel.
- dostumun maşını → dostumun maşınında
- my friend's car → in my friend's car
Derived terms
See -də.
Basque
Suffix
-da
- Alternative form of -ta
Finnish
Etymology
Variously from Proto-Finnic *-dak, *-tak.
Suffix
-da
- A suffix present in certain first infinitives, short form, the citation form of Finnish verbs.
Usage notes
When this suffix is omitted, what remains is the stem of the verb. With the verbs nähdä and tehdä, the consonant stem is left. The first consonant of the following word or enclitic is lengthened.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɒ]
Suffix
-da
- (noun-forming suffix) Added to a verb to form a noun indicating the place of the action.
- zár (“to close, shut”) → zárda (“cloister”)
- óv (“to protect”) → óvoda (“kindergarten”)
Usage notes
- (noun-forming suffix) Harmonic variants:
- -da is added to back vowel words
- -de is added to front vowel words
- -oda same as -da with a linking vowel
- -öde same as -de with a linking vowel
Declension
| Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -da | -dák |
| accusative | -dát | -dákat |
| dative | -dának | -dáknak |
| instrumental | -dával | -dákkal |
| causal-final | -dáért | -dákért |
| translative | -dává | -dákká |
| terminative | -dáig | -dákig |
| essive-formal | -daként | -dákként |
| essive-modal | -dául | -dákul |
| inessive | -dában | -dákban |
| superessive | -dán | -dákon |
| adessive | -dánál | -dáknál |
| illative | -dába | -dákba |
| sublative | -dára | -dákra |
| allative | -dához | -dákhoz |
| elative | -dából | -dákból |
| delative | -dáról | -dákról |
| ablative | -dától | -dáktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular | -dáé | -dáké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural | -dáéi | -dákéi |
| Possessive forms of -da | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | -dám | -dáim |
| 2nd person sing. | -dád | -dáid |
| 3rd person sing. | -dája | -dái |
| 1st person plural | -dánk | -dáink |
| 2nd person plural | -dátok | -dáitok |
| 3rd person plural | -dájuk | -dáik |
Derived terms
Hungarian nouns suffixed with -da
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Ilocano
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /da/
Pronoun
-da
- Third-person plural absolutive enclitic personal pronoun they
- Third-person plural ergative enclitic personal pronoun their; theirs
See also
Ilocano personal pronouns
| Person | Number | Absolutive | Ergative | Oblique | Possessive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disjunctive | Enclitic | Enclitic3 | bági form | kukua form | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First | singular | siak | -ak | -ko, -k | kaniak | bagik | kukuak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| dual | data, sita1 | -ta | kaniata, kadata | bagita | kukuata | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| plural inclusive | datayo, sitayo1 | -tayo, -tay | kaniatayo, kadatayo | bagitayo | kukuatayo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| plural exclusive | dakami, sikami1 | -kami, -kam | -mi | kaniami, kadakami | bagimi | kukuami | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Second | singular | sika | -ka | -mo, -m | kaniam, kenka | bagim | kukuam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| plural | dakayo, sikayo1 | -kayo, -kay | -yo | kaniayo, kadakayo | bagiyo | kukuayo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third | singular | isu, isuna | Ø2 | -na | kaniana, kenkuana | bagina | kukuana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| plural | isuda | -da | kaniada, kadakuada | bagida | kukuada | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1Regional variants. 2Null morpheme. There is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used. 3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fused enclitics
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Irish
Suffix
-da
- Alternative form of -ga
Kambera
Pronoun
-da
- third person plural genitive enclitic
See also
Kambera pronominal clitics
| Nominative | Genitive | Accusative | Dative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | ku- | -nggu | -ka | -ngga |
| 2sg | mu- (u-) | -mu | -kau | -nggau |
| 3sg | na- | -na | -ya | -nya |
| 1pl.incl | ta- | -nda | -ta | -nda |
| 1pl.excl | ma- | -ma | -kama | -nggama |
| 2pl | mi- (i-) | -mi | -kami (-kai) | -nggami (-nggai) |
| 3pl | da- | -da | -ha | -nja |
Laboya
Pronoun
-da
- first person plural inclusive subject enclitic
- first person plural inclusive possessive enclitic
See also
Laboya pronominal clitics
| Subject | Subject/Possessive | Object | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Person | |||
| 1sg | gu- | -gu | -ga |
| 2sg | mu- | -mu | -gu |
| 3sg | na- | -na | -ni |
| 1pl.incl | da- | -da | -da |
| 1pl.excl | ma- | -ma | -gama |
| 2pl | mi- | -mi | -gimi |
| 3pl | ɗa- | -ɗa | -di |
Murui Huitoto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [da]
Classifier
-da
- Classifier for long and straight objects.
- Classifier for objects that resemble a valley.
Derived terms
Murui Huitoto terms suffixed with -da
References
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia., Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 194
Old Irish
Suffix
-da
- variant form of -de
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьda.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /da/
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: da
Suffix
-da f
- (obsolete) Forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb
- prawy + -da → prawda
- krzywy + -da → krzywda
Declension
Declension of -da
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -da | -dy |
| genitive | -dy | -d |
| dative | -dzie | -dom |
| accusative | -dę | -dy |
| instrumental | -dą | -dami |
| locative | -dzie | -dach |
| vocative | -do | -dy |
Derived terms
Polish terms suffixed with -da
See also
- -ba
Further reading
- -da in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- -da in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Scottish Gaelic
Suffix
-da
- Alternative form of -te
- Mo leannan de mòran bhliadhnaichean, 's pòsda sinn mu dheireadh thall! ― My sweetheart of many years, we are married at long last!
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ده (-da, “locative suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *-ta (“locative suffix”). Cognate with Karakhanid دا (-dā, “locative suffix”), Old Turkic 𐱃𐰀 (t¹a /-ta/, “locative suffix”).
Suffix
-da
- Used to form locative of nouns.
- okul + -da → okulda
Usage notes
- -da is used when the noun's last vowel is a back vowel.
- It could be -de, when the noun's last vowel is a front vowel.
- köy + -da → köyde
- It could be -ta, when the noun's final consonant is unvoiced.
- mutfak + -da → mutfakta
- It could be -te, after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant.
- yengeç + -da → yengeçte
- It becomes -nda ~ -nde following another suffix that ends in a vowel.
- kapağı + -da → kapağında
- çemberi + -da → çemberinde
- It must be used with an apostrophe following a proper noun.
- İspanya + -da → İspanya'da
Related terms
- -daki
- -nda
- -de
- -ta
- -te
Uneapa
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *-da, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, from Proto-Austronesian *-ta.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ⁿda/
Suffix
-da
- A first-person plural inclusive possessive suffix.
Further reading
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)