-d

See also: Appendix:Variations of "d"

English

Suffix

-d

Alternative form of -ed now only standard with words which end in -e, but historically permissable in all the same places as -ed.
bone → boned, learn → learnd
An empty suffix, perhaps derived from the past-tense suffix above, added in some dialects to the present tense forms of some words which then add an additional -ed in the past tense.
damn → damnd (→ damnded), drown → drownd (→ drownded)
Marks ordinals written in digits when the final term of the spelled number is "second" or "third"
2d grade; 23d century

Synonyms

(marking ordinals ending with "second"): -nd
(marking ordinals ending with "third"): -rd

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse -d, -ð, from Proto-Germanic *-iþō.

Suffix

-d f (genitive -dar, plural -dir)

-th, -ness

Declension

Declension of -d
f2	singular		plural
f2	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	-d	-din	-dir	-dirnar
accusative	-d	-dina	-dir	-dirnar
dative	-d	-dini	-dum	-dunum
genitive	-dar	-darinnar	-da	-danna

Derived terms

Faroese terms suffixed with -d

Hungarian

Etymology 1

From the *tᴕ̈ second-person personal pronoun of the ancestor language after it was appended to the base word.

Suffix

-d

(possessive suffix) your (second-person singular informal, single possession)
hajó (“boat”) → a hajód (“your boat”)
kocsi (“car”) → a kocsid (“your car”)
palota (“palace”) → a palotád (“your palace”)
érme (“coin”) → az érméd (“your coin”)
(personal suffix) Used in the second-person singular definite forms of transitive verbs (in indicative present and past, subjunctive, and conditional moods).
tudod, kéred, tudtad, kérted, tudjad, kérjed, tudnád, kérnéd
1. (personal suffix, a subtype of the above) When attached directly to a verb stem, it may be the combined form of a covert (∅) allophone of -j (subjunctive suffix) and the regular suffix -d, marking the short form of the second-person singular definite subjunctive.
  tudd (= tudjad), kérd (= kérjed)
(personal suffix) Second-person singular personal suffix in conjugated infinitives and in the declined and postposition forms of the second-person personal pronoun te (“you”). Usually with linking vowels.
tanulni (“to study”) → tanulnod kell (“you must study”)
elé (“in front of”) → eléd (“in front of you”)

Usage notes

(possessive suffix) Harmonic variants:
-d is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
-ad is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
-od is added to the other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
-ed is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
-öd is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
(personal suffix) See variants in the table below.

Subjunctive/imperative definite – personal endings

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
én	1st person singular	-jam	-jem
te	2nd person singular	-d
te	long form	-jad	-jed
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	-ja	-je
mi	1st person plural	-juk	-jük
ti	2nd person plural	-játok	-jétek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-ják	-jék
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing.
Verb ending	Assimilation rules of -j
s sz z dz	The -j assimilates to the verb ending: keres →‎ keress metsz →‎ metssz hoz →‎ hozz edz →‎ eddz (No change in the short -d form of 2nd-person singular definite: keresd, metszd, hozd, edzd.)
st szt	The -t is removed, the -j assimilates to the -s, -sz: fest →‎ fess fáraszt →‎ fárassz Short -d forms: fesd, fáraszd.
long vowel + t or consonant + t	The -j becomes -s: segít →‎ segíts bont →‎ bonts Exceptions: bocsát → bocsáss, lát → láss Short -d forms: segítsd, bontsd; lásd, bocsásd.
short vowel + t	Both the stem-final -t and the -j become -s: mutat → mutass, szeret → szeress Short -d forms: mutasd, szeresd.

Etymology 2

It can be traced back to Proto-Finno-Ugric *-nt.[1]

Suffix

-d

(noun-forming suffix) Originally, it was probably a diminutive suffix. In this sense, it is no longer productive. It can be found in place names, given names, and a few other words.
apró (“tiny”) → apród (“page boy”)
gyenge (“weak”) → gyengéd (“gentle”)
Árpád (“a male given name”)
(verb-forming suffix) A frequentative suffix or denoting the beginning of a process.
-dék
imád
szenved
(fraction-forming suffix) Added to a cardinal number to form a fraction. It is used with a linking vowel, see -ad, -od, -ed, -öd.
száz (“hundred”) → század (“hundredth”)

Derived terms

Hungarian nouns suffixed with -d

Hungarian adjectives suffixed with -d

Hungarian verbs suffixed with -d

References

-d in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Lushootseed

Suffix

-d

denotes an action performed on someone or something else (transitive suffix; allows for a direct complement patient, creating a patient-oriented verb)

Middle English

Suffix

-d

Alternative form of -th

Suffix

-d

Alternative form of -the (ordinal suffix)

Ojibwe

Final

-d

act on

Derived terms

apakwaadan

References

The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/word-part/d-final

Suffix

-d

A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of an animate intransitive verb (vai)
A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of an animate intransitive verb with an object (vai+o)
A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of a Type 3 inanimate transitive verb (vti3)
A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta) with Cw ending

Swedish

Suffix

-d

Suffix to form the past participle of weakly inflected verbs, to be used when the corresponding participle belongs with a common noun in indefinite singular form.