cúl

cúl

See also: cul, cùl, cûl, and cúl-

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cúl, cognate with Latin cūlus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuːlˠ/

Noun

cúl m (genitive singular cúil, nominative plural cúil)

1. behind
2. back
3. (sports) goal

   Synonym: báire

   1. (score gained)
   2. (target area)

      Synonym: góraí

4. tail

Declension

Declension of cúl

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative cúl cúil Vocative a chúil a chúla Genitive cúil cúl Dative cúl cúil

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an cúl na cúil Genitive an chúil na gcúl Dative leis an gcúl don chúl leis na cúil

• Alternative plural: cúla (used in certain phrases)

Derived terms

• ar chúl
• ar chúla
• ar gcúl
• cluiche a chur as cúl doirn
• cúlaí
• cúl báire
• cúlchlár
• cúlfhuinneog
• cúlghabhálach
• cúlghabhálacht
• cúlionad
• cúl le faobhar
• cúl-líne
• cúlphlaic
• cúlsráid
• cúltreoir
• fear cúil
• garraí cúil
• iargúil
• líne chúil
• nóta cúil
• poc cúil

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cúl	chúl	gcúl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “cúl”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cúl”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Entries containing “cúl” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “cúl” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kūlos, from Proto-Indo-European *kuH-l-, from *(s)kewH- (“to cover”). Cognate with Welsh cil and Latin cūlus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuːl/

Noun

cúl m (genitive cúil, nominative plural cúil)

1. back
2. rear

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	cúl	cúlL	cúilL
Vocative	cúil	cúlL	cúluH
Accusative	cúlN	cúlL	cúluH
Genitive	cúilL	cúl	cúlN
Dative	cúlL	cúlaib	cúlaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• íarcúl

Descendants

• Irish: cúl
• Manx: cooyl
• Scottish Gaelic: cùl

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cúl	chúl	cúl pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “cúl”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language