cét-
See also: cet, CET, cét, čet, and -cet
Middle Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish cét-, from Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to begin”)
Prefix
cét-
- first
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Middle_Irish_words_prefixed_with_c%C3%A9t-' title='Category:Middle Irish words prefixed with cét-'>Middle Irish words prefixed with cét-</a>
Descendants
- Irish: céad
- Manx: kied
- Scottish Gaelic: ciad
Mutation
| Middle Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| cét- | chét- | cét- pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 cét-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Irish
Etymology
A conflation of two prefixes.
- The usual prefix meaning "first" is essentially a prefixed stem form of Proto-Celtic *kentus (“first”), from Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to begin”). See also the related cétnae (“first”).
- A different prefix meaning "with", attested in only two or so word families, is from Proto-Celtic *kanta, derives from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with”), and is cognate with Welsh gan (“with”) and Ancient Greek κατά (katá, “against, downwards”).
Prefix
cét- (pretonic ceta-)
- first
- cét- (“first”) + cin (“crime”) → cétchin (“first crime”)
- cét- (“first”) + aín (“fast”) → cétaín (“Wednesday”, literally “first fasting”)
- cét- (“first”) + id- (“it”) (relative) + do·rigni (“who have done”) → cetid·deirgni (“who have done it first”)
- cét- (“first”) + ro·chreti (“who had believed”) → ceta·ruchreti (“who had first believed”)
- (rare) with
- cét- (“with”) + buith (“being”) → cétbaid (“feeling”)
- cét- (“with”) + lúth (“moving”) → cétluth (“cohabitation”)
- cét- (“with”) + ·bí (“is, exists”) (habitual conjunct) → ceta·bí (“feels”, literally “exist with”)
Usage notes
- This prefix, in the form cét, is attached to nouns, while ceta- is attached to relative verbs.
- The verbal prefixation of the prefix meaning "with" is one-of-a-kind, only occurring to make ceta·bí (“to feel”).
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_words_prefixed_with_c%C3%A9t-' title='Category:Old Irish words prefixed with cét-'>Old Irish words prefixed with cét-</a>
Descendants
- Middle Irish: cét-
- Irish: céad
- Manx: kied
- Scottish Gaelic: ciad
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| cét- | chét- | cét- pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “1 cét-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “2 cét-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “ceta-, cita-, ciata-”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language