cyf-
Welsh
Alternative forms
- cy-, cyn-
Etymology
From Middle Welsh kyu-, from Old Welsh com-, from Proto-Brythonic *köβ̃-, from Proto-Celtic *kom-.[1] Cognate with Cornish kev-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kəv/
Prefix
cyf-
- together, co-, con-
- cyf- + un (“one”) → cyfun (“concordant, united”)
- cyf- + amod (“condition”) → cyfamod (“covenant”)
- cyf- + enw (“name”) → cyfenw (“surname”)
- Synonyms: cy-, cyd-, cyn-, cyt-
- equal, similar, equi-
- cyf- + lliw (“colour”) → cyfliw (“of the same colour”)
- cyf- + oed (“age, time”) → cyfoed (“contemporary, of the same age, at the same time”)
- cyf- + uwch (“higher”) → cyfuwch (“as high”)
- affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
- cyf- + llym (“sharp, keen”) → cyflym (“quick, fast”)
- cyf- + agos (“near”) → cyfagos (“neighbouring, adjacent”)
- cyf- + llawn (“full”) → cyflawn (“complete, total”)
Derived terms
Welsh terms prefixed with cyf-
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cyf- | gyf- | nghyf- | chyf- |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
References
- Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (9)
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyf-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies