cwecwa
Zulu
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ǀweːǀwa/
Verb
-cwecwa
- (transitive) to peel
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukucwecwa | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukucwecwa | ukungacwecwi | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | cwecwa | -cwecwe | |||||||
Plural | cwecwani | -cwecweni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyacwecwa, ngicwecwa | engicwecwayo, engicwecwa | ngicwecwa | angicwecwi | engingacwecwi | ngingacwecwi | |||
2nd singular | uyacwecwa, ucwecwa | ocwecwayo, ocwecwa | ucwecwa | awucwecwi | ongacwecwi | ungacwecwi | |||
1st plural | siyacwecwa, sicwecwa | esicwecwayo, esicwecwa | sicwecwa | asicwecwi | esingacwecwi | singacwecwi | |||
2nd plural | niyacwecwa, nicwecwa | enicwecwayo, enicwecwa | nicwecwa | anicwecwi | eningacwecwi | ningacwecwi | |||
Class 1 | uyacwecwa, ucwecwa | ocwecwayo, ocwecwa | ecwecwa | akacwecwi | ongacwecwi | engacwecwi | |||
Class 2 | bayacwecwa, bacwecwa | abacwecwayo, abacwecwa | becwecwa | abacwecwi | abangacwecwi | bengacwecwi | |||
Class 3 | uyacwecwa, ucwecwa | ocwecwayo, ocwecwa | ucwecwa | awucwecwi | ongacwecwi | ungacwecwi | |||
Class 4 | iyacwecwa, icwecwa | ecwecwayo, ecwecwa | icwecwa | ayicwecwi | engacwecwi | ingacwecwi | |||
Class 5 | liyacwecwa, licwecwa | elicwecwayo, elicwecwa | licwecwa | alicwecwi | elingacwecwi | lingacwecwi | |||
Class 6 | ayacwecwa, acwecwa | acwecwayo, acwecwa | ecwecwa | awacwecwi | angacwecwi | engacwecwi | |||
Class 7 | siyacwecwa, sicwecwa | esicwecwayo, esicwecwa | sicwecwa | asicwecwi | esingacwecwi | singacwecwi | |||
Class 8 | ziyacwecwa, zicwecwa | ezicwecwayo, ezicwecwa | zicwecwa | azicwecwi | ezingacwecwi | zingacwecwi | |||
Class 9 | iyacwecwa, icwecwa | ecwecwayo, ecwecwa | icwecwa | ayicwecwi | engacwecwi | ingacwecwi | |||
Class 10 | ziyacwecwa, zicwecwa | ezicwecwayo, ezicwecwa | zicwecwa | azicwecwi | ezingacwecwi | zingacwecwi | |||
Class 11 | luyacwecwa, lucwecwa | olucwecwayo, olucwecwa | lucwecwa | alucwecwi | olungacwecwi | lungacwecwi | |||
Class 14 | buyacwecwa, bucwecwa | obucwecwayo, obucwecwa | bucwecwa | abucwecwi | obungacwecwi | bungacwecwi | |||
Class 15 | kuyacwecwa, kucwecwa | okucwecwayo, okucwecwa | kucwecwa | akucwecwi | okungacwecwi | kungacwecwi | |||
Class 17 | kuyacwecwa, kucwecwa | okucwecwayo, okucwecwa | kucwecwa | akucwecwi | okungacwecwi | kungacwecwi | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngicwecwile, ngicwecwē | engicwecwile, engicwecwē | ngicwecwile, ngicwecwē | angicwecwanga | engingacwecwanga | ngingacwecwanga | |||
2nd singular | ucwecwile, ucwecwē | ocwecwile, ocwecwē | ucwecwile, ucwecwē | awucwecwanga | ongacwecwanga | ungacwecwanga | |||
1st plural | sicwecwile, sicwecwē | esicwecwile, esicwecwē | sicwecwile, sicwecwē | asicwecwanga | esingacwecwanga | singacwecwanga | |||
2nd plural | nicwecwile, nicwecwē | enicwecwile, enicwecwē | nicwecwile, nicwecwē | anicwecwanga | eningacwecwanga | ningacwecwanga | |||
Class 1 | ucwecwile, ucwecwē | ocwecwile, ocwecwē | ecwecwile, ecwecwē | akacwecwanga | ongacwecwanga | engacwecwanga | |||
Class 2 | bacwecwile, bacwecwē | abacwecwile, abacwecwē | becwecwile, becwecwē | abacwecwanga | abangacwecwanga | bengacwecwanga | |||
Class 3 | ucwecwile, ucwecwē | ocwecwile, ocwecwē | ucwecwile, ucwecwē | awucwecwanga | ongacwecwanga | ungacwecwanga | |||
Class 4 | icwecwile, icwecwē | ecwecwile, ecwecwē | icwecwile, icwecwē | ayicwecwanga | engacwecwanga | ingacwecwanga | |||
Class 5 | licwecwile, licwecwē | elicwecwile, elicwecwē | licwecwile, licwecwē | alicwecwanga | elingacwecwanga | lingacwecwanga | |||
Class 6 | acwecwile, acwecwē | acwecwile, acwecwē | ecwecwile, ecwecwē | awacwecwanga | angacwecwanga | engacwecwanga | |||
Class 7 | sicwecwile, sicwecwē | esicwecwile, esicwecwē | sicwecwile, sicwecwē | asicwecwanga | esingacwecwanga | singacwecwanga | |||
Class 8 | zicwecwile, zicwecwē | ezicwecwile, ezicwecwē | zicwecwile, zicwecwē | azicwecwanga | ezingacwecwanga | zingacwecwanga | |||
Class 9 | icwecwile, icwecwē | ecwecwile, ecwecwē | icwecwile, icwecwē | ayicwecwanga | engacwecwanga | ingacwecwanga | |||
Class 10 | zicwecwile, zicwecwē | ezicwecwile, ezicwecwē | zicwecwile, zicwecwē | azicwecwanga | ezingacwecwanga | zingacwecwanga | |||
Class 11 | lucwecwile, lucwecwē | olucwecwile, olucwecwē | lucwecwile, lucwecwē | alucwecwanga | olungacwecwanga | lungacwecwanga | |||
Class 14 | bucwecwile, bucwecwē | obucwecwile, obucwecwē | bucwecwile, bucwecwē | abucwecwanga | obungacwecwanga | bungacwecwanga | |||
Class 15 | kucwecwile, kucwecwē | okucwecwile, okucwecwē | kucwecwile, kucwecwē | akucwecwanga | okungacwecwanga | kungacwecwanga | |||
Class 17 | kucwecwile, kucwecwē | okucwecwile, okucwecwē | kucwecwile, kucwecwē | akucwecwanga | okungacwecwanga | kungacwecwanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngācwecwa | engācwecwa | ngācwecwa | angicwecwanga | engingacwecwanga | ngingacwecwanga | |||
2nd singular | wācwecwa | owācwecwa | wācwecwa | awucwecwanga | ongacwecwanga | ungacwecwanga | |||
1st plural | sācwecwa | esācwecwa | sācwecwa | asicwecwanga | esingacwecwanga | singacwecwanga | |||
2nd plural | nācwecwa | enācwecwa | nācwecwa | anicwecwanga | eningacwecwanga | ningacwecwanga | |||
Class 1 | wācwecwa | owācwecwa | ācwecwa | akacwecwanga | ongacwecwanga | engacwecwanga | |||
Class 2 | bācwecwa | abācwecwa | bācwecwa | abacwecwanga | abangacwecwanga | bengacwecwanga | |||
Class 3 | wācwecwa | owācwecwa | wācwecwa | awucwecwanga | ongacwecwanga | ungacwecwanga | |||
Class 4 | yācwecwa | eyācwecwa | yācwecwa | ayicwecwanga | engacwecwanga | ingacwecwanga | |||
Class 5 | lācwecwa | elācwecwa | lācwecwa | alicwecwanga | elingacwecwanga | lingacwecwanga | |||
Class 6 | ācwecwa | ācwecwa | ācwecwa | awacwecwanga | angacwecwanga | engacwecwanga | |||
Class 7 | sācwecwa | esācwecwa | sācwecwa | asicwecwanga | esingacwecwanga | singacwecwanga | |||
Class 8 | zācwecwa | ezācwecwa | zācwecwa | azicwecwanga | ezingacwecwanga | zingacwecwanga | |||
Class 9 | yācwecwa | eyācwecwa | yācwecwa | ayicwecwanga | engacwecwanga | ingacwecwanga | |||
Class 10 | zācwecwa | ezācwecwa | zācwecwa | azicwecwanga | ezingacwecwanga | zingacwecwanga | |||
Class 11 | lwācwecwa | olwācwecwa | lwācwecwa | alucwecwanga | olungacwecwanga | lungacwecwanga | |||
Class 14 | bācwecwa | obācwecwa | bācwecwa | abucwecwanga | obungacwecwanga | bungacwecwanga | |||
Class 15 | kwācwecwa | okwācwecwa | kwācwecwa | akucwecwanga | okungacwecwanga | kungacwecwanga | |||
Class 17 | kwācwecwa | okwācwecwa | kwācwecwa | akucwecwanga | okungacwecwanga | kungacwecwanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingacwecwa | — | ngingacwecwa | ngingecwecwe | — | ngingecwecwe | |||
2nd singular | ungacwecwa | — | ungacwecwa | ungecwecwe | — | ungecwecwe | |||
1st plural | singacwecwa | — | singacwecwa | singecwecwe | — | singecwecwe | |||
2nd plural | ningacwecwa | — | ningacwecwa | ningecwecwe | — | ningecwecwe | |||
Class 1 | angacwecwa | — | engacwecwa | angecwecwe | — | engecwecwe | |||
Class 2 | bangacwecwa | — | bengacwecwa | bangecwecwe | — | bengecwecwe | |||
Class 3 | ungacwecwa | — | ungacwecwa | ungecwecwe | — | ungecwecwe | |||
Class 4 | ingacwecwa | — | ingacwecwa | ingecwecwe | — | ingecwecwe | |||
Class 5 | lingacwecwa | — | lingacwecwa | lingecwecwe | — | lingecwecwe | |||
Class 6 | angacwecwa | — | engacwecwa | angecwecwe | — | engecwecwe | |||
Class 7 | singacwecwa | — | singacwecwa | singecwecwe | — | singecwecwe | |||
Class 8 | zingacwecwa | — | zingacwecwa | zingecwecwe | — | zingecwecwe | |||
Class 9 | ingacwecwa | — | ingacwecwa | ingecwecwe | — | ingecwecwe | |||
Class 10 | zingacwecwa | — | zingacwecwa | zingecwecwe | — | zingecwecwe | |||
Class 11 | lungacwecwa | — | lungacwecwa | lungecwecwe | — | lungecwecwe | |||
Class 14 | bungacwecwa | — | bungacwecwa | bungecwecwe | — | bungecwecwe | |||
Class 15 | kungacwecwa | — | kungacwecwa | kungecwecwe | — | kungecwecwe | |||
Class 17 | kungacwecwa | — | kungacwecwa | kungecwecwe | — | kungecwecwe | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizocwecwa | engizocwecwa | ngizocwecwa | angizucwecwa | — | ngingezucwecwa | |||
2nd singular | uzocwecwa | ozocwecwa | uzocwecwa | awuzucwecwa | — | ungezucwecwa | |||
1st plural | sizocwecwa | esizocwecwa | sizocwecwa | asizucwecwa | — | singezucwecwa | |||
2nd plural | nizocwecwa | enizocwecwa | nizocwecwa | anizucwecwa | — | ningezucwecwa | |||
Class 1 | uzocwecwa | ozocwecwa | ezocwecwa | akazucwecwa | — | engezucwecwa | |||
Class 2 | bazocwecwa | abazocwecwa | bezocwecwa | abazucwecwa | — | bengezucwecwa | |||
Class 3 | uzocwecwa | ozocwecwa | uzocwecwa | awuzucwecwa | — | ungezucwecwa | |||
Class 4 | izocwecwa | ezocwecwa | izocwecwa | ayizucwecwa | — | ingezucwecwa | |||
Class 5 | lizocwecwa | elizocwecwa | lizocwecwa | alizucwecwa | — | lingezucwecwa | |||
Class 6 | azocwecwa | azocwecwa | ezocwecwa | awazucwecwa | — | engezucwecwa | |||
Class 7 | sizocwecwa | esizocwecwa | sizocwecwa | asizucwecwa | — | singezucwecwa | |||
Class 8 | zizocwecwa | ezizocwecwa | zizocwecwa | azizucwecwa | — | zingezucwecwa | |||
Class 9 | izocwecwa | ezocwecwa | izocwecwa | ayizucwecwa | — | ingezucwecwa | |||
Class 10 | zizocwecwa | ezizocwecwa | zizocwecwa | azizucwecwa | — | zingezucwecwa | |||
Class 11 | luzocwecwa | oluzocwecwa | luzocwecwa | aluzucwecwa | — | lungezucwecwa | |||
Class 14 | buzocwecwa | obuzocwecwa | buzocwecwa | abuzucwecwa | — | bungezucwecwa | |||
Class 15 | kuzocwecwa | okuzocwecwa | kuzocwecwa | akuzucwecwa | — | kungezucwecwa | |||
Class 17 | kuzocwecwa | okuzocwecwa | kuzocwecwa | akuzucwecwa | — | kungezucwecwa | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyocwecwa | engiyocwecwa | ngiyocwecwa | angiyucwecwa | — | ngingeyucwecwa | |||
2nd singular | uyocwecwa | oyocwecwa | uyocwecwa | awuyucwecwa | — | ungeyucwecwa | |||
1st plural | siyocwecwa | esiyocwecwa | siyocwecwa | asiyucwecwa | — | singeyucwecwa | |||
2nd plural | niyocwecwa | eniyocwecwa | niyocwecwa | aniyucwecwa | — | ningeyucwecwa | |||
Class 1 | uyocwecwa | oyocwecwa | eyocwecwa | akayucwecwa | — | engeyucwecwa | |||
Class 2 | bayocwecwa | abayocwecwa | beyocwecwa | abayucwecwa | — | bengeyucwecwa | |||
Class 3 | uyocwecwa | oyocwecwa | uyocwecwa | awuyucwecwa | — | ungeyucwecwa | |||
Class 4 | iyocwecwa | eyocwecwa | iyocwecwa | ayiyucwecwa | — | ingeyucwecwa | |||
Class 5 | liyocwecwa | eliyocwecwa | liyocwecwa | aliyucwecwa | — | lingeyucwecwa | |||
Class 6 | ayocwecwa | ayocwecwa | eyocwecwa | awayucwecwa | — | engeyucwecwa | |||
Class 7 | siyocwecwa | esiyocwecwa | siyocwecwa | asiyucwecwa | — | singeyucwecwa | |||
Class 8 | ziyocwecwa | eziyocwecwa | ziyocwecwa | aziyucwecwa | — | zingeyucwecwa | |||
Class 9 | iyocwecwa | eyocwecwa | iyocwecwa | ayiyucwecwa | — | ingeyucwecwa | |||
Class 10 | ziyocwecwa | eziyocwecwa | ziyocwecwa | aziyucwecwa | — | zingeyucwecwa | |||
Class 11 | luyocwecwa | oluyocwecwa | luyocwecwa | aluyucwecwa | — | lungeyucwecwa | |||
Class 14 | buyocwecwa | obuyocwecwa | buyocwecwa | abuyucwecwa | — | bungeyucwecwa | |||
Class 15 | kuyocwecwa | okuyocwecwa | kuyocwecwa | akuyucwecwa | — | kungeyucwecwa | |||
Class 17 | kuyocwecwa | okuyocwecwa | kuyocwecwa | akuyucwecwa | — | kungeyucwecwa | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngicwecwe | ngingacwecwi | |||||||
2nd singular | ucwecwe | ungacwecwi | |||||||
1st plural | sicwecwe | singacwecwi | |||||||
2nd plural | nicwecwe | ningacwecwi | |||||||
Class 1 | acwecwe | angacwecwi | |||||||
Class 2 | bacwecwe | bangacwecwi | |||||||
Class 3 | ucwecwe | ungacwecwi | |||||||
Class 4 | icwecwe | ingacwecwi | |||||||
Class 5 | licwecwe | lingacwecwi | |||||||
Class 6 | acwecwe | angacwecwi | |||||||
Class 7 | sicwecwe | singacwecwi | |||||||
Class 8 | zicwecwe | zingacwecwi | |||||||
Class 9 | icwecwe | ingacwecwi | |||||||
Class 10 | zicwecwe | zingacwecwi | |||||||
Class 11 | lucwecwe | lungacwecwi | |||||||
Class 14 | bucwecwe | bungacwecwi | |||||||
Class 15 | kucwecwe | kungacwecwi | |||||||
Class 17 | kucwecwe | kungacwecwi | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngacwecwa | ngangacwecwa, angacwecwa, angangacwecwa | |||||||
2nd singular | wacwecwa | wangacwecwa, awacwecwa, awangacwecwa | |||||||
1st plural | sacwecwa | sangacwecwa, asacwecwa, asangacwecwa | |||||||
2nd plural | nacwecwa | nangacwecwa, anacwecwa, anangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 1 | wacwecwa | wangacwecwa, akacwecwa, akangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 2 | bacwecwa | bangacwecwa, abacwecwa, abangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 3 | wacwecwa | wangacwecwa, awacwecwa, awangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 4 | yacwecwa | yangacwecwa, ayacwecwa, ayangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 5 | lacwecwa | langacwecwa, alacwecwa, alangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 6 | acwecwa | angacwecwa, awacwecwa, awangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 7 | sacwecwa | sangacwecwa, asacwecwa, asangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 8 | zacwecwa | zangacwecwa, azacwecwa, azangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 9 | yacwecwa | yangacwecwa, ayacwecwa, ayangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 10 | zacwecwa | zangacwecwa, azacwecwa, azangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 11 | lwacwecwa | lwangacwecwa, alwacwecwa, alwangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 14 | bacwecwa | bangacwecwa, abacwecwa, abangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 15 | kwacwecwa | kwangacwecwa, akwacwecwa, akwangacwecwa | |||||||
Class 17 | kwacwecwa | kwangacwecwa, akwacwecwa, akwangacwecwa |
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “cwecwa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “cwecwa (6.3)”